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Povijesna jezgra Splita nastala je urbanističkim razvojem rezidencijalne kasnoantičke palače u srednjovjekovni i novovjekovni grad. Razvoj jezgre započinje antičkim razdobljem, te se nastavlja na rani i visoki srednji vijek. Grad zatim u 18. i 19. stoljeću poprima posljednja prepoznatljiva obilježja. Kontinuitet života u staroj jezgri nikad nije bio prekinut i to utječe na njen urbanistički razvoj. Svako od povijesnih razdoblja nosi svoja obilježja koja su se prilagođavala načinu života tadašnjeg stanovništva. Mnogobrojni povijesni i stilski slojevi, zainteresirali su konzervatore od početka 19. stoljeća. Slojevitost gradske jezgre jedna je od karakteristika koja pridonosi njenoj povijesnoumjetničkoj vrijednosti. Zahvaljujući konzervatorskom djelovanju, raznolikost arhitektonskog i urbanističkog oblikovanja specifičnosti su Grada koje su se očuvale do danas. Najznačajnije radove u Splitu možemo pratiti u vremenu od Vicka Andrića do Ljube Karamana. Klasicističko školovanje Vicka Andrića u Rimu, povezanost don Frane Bulića s bečkom konzervatorskom školom i svestranost Ljube Karamana u teorijskom i praktičnom djelovanju, ukazuju na potrebu donošenja aktulanih principa zaštite kulturnog nasljeđa iz velikih europskih centara u naše krajeve. Tada se odvijaju ključni zahvati za očuvanje stare jezgre. Prepoznavanje važnosti splitske baštine, njeno istraživanje i proučavanje, zainteresiralo je brojne domaće i strane stručnjake. Iako se nisu sve ideje i zahvati pokazali uspješnima, treba istaknuti kako je to razdoblje doprinjelo razvoju i poboljšanju konzervatorske teorije i prakse. Konstantan rad i angažiranost nije prestala od početka 19. stoljeća pa sve do danas. Split se može smatrati vrijednim primjerom u proučavanju povijesnih slojeva i razvoju urbanizma, te jednim od izvorišta konzervatorske teorije i prakse u Hrvatskoj. The historical core of Split was followed by the urbanistic development of the late-antique palace into a medieval and modern city. With classical antiquity began the development of the city core that continued further onto the late and high medieval period. Later on, Split started to acquire its final distinguishable characteristics in the 18th and 19th century. Life circumstances in Split had never been seriously obstructed, which also impacted onto the development of the urbanistic development of the city core. Each of the historical periods with their characteristics adapted to the lifestyle of the citizens at the time. Various historical and stylistic layers have provoked the interest of conservators since the beginning of the 19th century. This multiplicity of layers of the city core is one of the features that increase both its historical and artistic values. Thanks to the efforts of conservators, the diversity of the architectural and urbanistic formation is a notable particularity of the city that has been kept even today. Some of the most important works of art in Split can be traced back from Vicko Andrić to Ljubo Karaman. Vicko Andrićs classicistic educational background gained in Rome, Frane Bulićs associations with the Vienna school for conservation and the many skills of Ljubo Karaman within the theoretical and practical area, direct to the necessity of employing principles related to the current preservation practices of Croatias domestic cultural heritage by the major European centres. Key interventions in preserving the old core of the city were made in this period. By recognizing, researching and studying the importance of Splits cultural heritage, many domestic and foreign researchers were attracted to the city's background. Although not all ideas and attempts have proved to be successful, it is noteworthy to emphasize that this historical period procured significant developments in the theory and practice of conservation. Continuous efforts and practices are still ongoing ever since the 19th century. Split can be regarded as a valuable example in the study of historical layers and urbanistic development, along as one of the sources of conservatory theory and practice in Croatia. |
