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Arginilacija je tRNA ovisna posttranslacijska modifikacija u kojoj se arginin prenosi s molekule tRNA, najčešće na amino skupinu proteina određenih aminokiselina. Reakciju, koja ne zahtijeva hidrolizu ATP-a, katalizira enzim arginiltransferaza (ATE1). ATE1 je enzim koji je visoko konzerviran u eukariotskim organizmima i ne postoji niti jedna druga arginiltransferaza. Alternativnim splicingom ATE1 nastaje više izooblika enzima kod viših eukariota. U ovom radu je ukratko prikazano zašto je aktivnost tog enzima bitna za vijabilnost stanica u velike većine eukariotskih vrsta te na koje sve fiziološke procese utječe arginilacija i kako se to odražava na život pojedinih organizama. Mnogo toga je još nepoznato u vezi ove posttranslacijske modifikacije, ali možemo zaključiti da je važan biološki regulator. Arginylation is a tRNA-dependent posttranslational modification in which arginine is transfered from tRNA molecule mostly onto a amino group of a specific aminoacid of various proteins. Reaction, that does not require hydrolisis of ATP, is catalayzed by enzime arginiltransferase (ATE1). ATE1 is an enzyme that is highly conserved in eukaryotes and no other arginiltransferase exists, but in higher eukaryotes, there are multiple isoforms of ATE1 that are formed by alternative splicing. This paper briefly shows why is the activity of this enzyme essential for cells viability in vast majority of eukaryotic organisms, on which physiological processeses arginylation has an impact and how it affects physiological processes of individual organisms. A lot is still unknown about this postttransalational modification, but we can conclude that it has an important role as a biological regulator. |
