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Dobri dupin (Tursiops truncatus Montagu, 1821) jedina je vrsta morskog sisavca koja u Jadranu obitava cijelu godinu. Populacija dupina, ne samo Jadrana već i globalno, sve je ugroženija djelovanjem klimatskih promjena, litoralizacije, izlovom ribe, sve intenzivnijim morskim prometom. Istraživanja dupina Sredozemnog mora malobrojna su, a čine osnovu za daljnje postupke u zaštiti i konzervaciji populacija. U ovom radu utvrđeni su i analizirani haplotipovi kontrolne regije mitohondrijske DNA populacije dobrih dupina Jadranskog mora te uspoređeni s ostalim objavljenim haplotipovima. Nakon izolacije DNA provela sam PCR reakciju, purifikaciju te sekvenciranje kontrolne regije, a zatim i računalne analize te izradila mreže. Istraživanje je pokazalo da populacija dobrih dupina Jadranskog mora ima 13 haplotipova kontrolne regije mtDNA od kojih su u ovom radu utvrđena dva nova (DD12 i DD13). Haplotipska raznolikost (Hd) iznosi 0,6831 a nukleotidna (π) 0,01085 što ukazuje na relativno visoku razinu genetičke raznolikosti. Mreža haplotipova dobivenih u ovom radu i onih preuzetih s GenBanka ne pokazuje jasnu filogeografsku strukturiranost populacija dobrih dupina Jadranskog, Sredozemnog, Crnog mora te sjeveroistočnog Atlantika. The bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus Montagu, 1821) is the only species of marine mammals that lives in the Adriatic Sea throughout the entire year. The population of dolphins, not only in the Adriatic but also globally, is increasingly threatened by climate change, littoralisation, fishing and growing marine traffic. Studies of the Mediterranean Sea dolphins are few, and form the basis for further action for the protection and conservation of their populations. In this graduation thesis, the mitochondrial DNA control region haplotypes of the bottlenose dolphin population in the Adriatic Sea have been identified and compared with other published haplotypes. After isolating the DNA, I performed the PCR reaction, purification and sequencing of the control region, followed by computer analysis, after which I constructed the haplotype networks. The study has shown that the common bottlenose dolphin population of the Adriatic Sea has 13 mtDNA control region haplotypes, of which two new haplotypes (DD12 and DD13) have been identified in this graduation thesis. The haplotype diversity (Hd) is 0,6831 and nucleotide diversity (π) is 0,01085, which points to a relatively high level of genetic diversity. The haplotype network showing a comparison of haplotypes determined in this graduation thesis and haplotypes downloaded from GenBank does not show a clear phylogeographic structure of populations of the Adriatic, the Mediterranean, the Black Sea and the northeast Atlantic. |
