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In urban transport and mobility planning, the participation of relevant stakeholders has become more and more important. This participation is desired since the analysis and evaluation should take into account the preferences of the social and business partners which are affected by the planned project. This paper discusses whether a multi-actor, multi-criteria analysis (MAMCA) can provide a structured way to interact with the stakeholders in the urban mobility planning context. Secondly, we investigate how the application of group decision support systems (GDSS) software can enhance MAMCA to provide a structured way to involve a wide range and a high number of stakeholders. We organised an interactive MAMCA-workshop where four scenarios to improve mobility in the city centre of Leuven, Belgium (business as usual, car free city centre, smart road user charging and park & walk) were evaluated based on stakeholder preferences. The 40 participants were divided into 7 stakeholder groups and 14 subgroups. Eachsubgroup of 3-4 people used the D-Sight Web online GDSS software simultaneously to carry out the weighting of their own criteria and the evaluation of the scenarios. The AHP and PROMETHEE methods were combined to benefit from the advantages of both methodologies. The AHP method was used for the weight elicitation since it is easy to use and it can decompose a complex problem into its constituents. PROMETHEE was used for the evaluation of the scenarios in order to avoid trade-offs between scores on criteria and to simplify the evaluation procedure in comparison to AHP. Based on the evaluation, the local and regional governments, citizens, public transport users and the public transport operator has similar preferences with the car-free city centre as the best alternative. Both car users and local businesses, however, prefer the park & walk scenario. Within the stakeholder subgroups, we detected considerable heterogeneity in the evaluation, which confirms that the evaluation should be carried out by a limited number of experts rather than the stakeholders themselves. The workshop demonstrated that MAMCA assisted by GDSS software combining AHP and PROMETHEE can be used to evaluate urban mobility strategies with multiple stakeholder groups and value trees and allows the participation of a large number of stakeholders in a cost-efficient and time-saving manner. The GDSS software made it possible to consult stakeholder groups simultaneously. It has also been revealed, however, that the currently available GDSS software are not suitable for MAMCA without major modifications. Therefore our further research will focus on developing software that would allow the user-friendly set-up of multiple decision trees, user management for stakeholder groups and the direct production of a multi-stakeholder view at the end of the evaluation. |
