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Introduction: The majority of patients with mild brain injuries recover rapidly and return to their premorbid activities; a small group may continue to experience cognitive, emotional and physical impairments. In contrast, a large proportion of moderately to severely brain-injured patients are left with permanent impairments that profoundly affect their ability for self-care, mobility, and reintegration to society. Return-to-work ratio after traumatic brain injury is varies greatly between different injury-severity groups, ranging from 0 % to 84 %. The main unfavourable factors for return to work are discussed in the paper, as well the results of a Slovenian pilot study about return to work ratio among traumatic brain injury patients. Methods: We sent a survey questionnaire to 108 patients hospitalised between 2008 and 2010 at the University Rehabilitation Institute in Ljubljana after mild, moderate and severe traumatic brain injury (Glasgow Coma Scale 3 % 15). All the persons invited to participate in the survey were regularly employed before sustaining traumatic brain injury. We received answers from 78 persons. Among the received questionnaires, we determined the extent and format of individual employment after return to work. Results: Thirty-four respondents (44 %) were retired because of injury consequences and 22 (28 %) kept the employment after rehabilitation to various extent and in various format. Eighteen respondents (23 %) were unemployed at the time of the survey and 4 (5 %) retired regularly. Izhodišča: Večina bolnikov po blagi poškodbi možganov (pretresu) kmalu okreva do popolnosti in se v celoti vrne na predpoškodbeno raven aktivnosti; le manjšina bolnikov trpi zaradi kroničnih post-komocijskih simptomov, ki so najbolj izraženi na kognitivno-vedenjskem področju. Pri veliki večini bolnikov po zmerni in težki poškodbi možganov so prisotne trajne posledice okvare možganov, ki pomembno vplivajo na zmanjšano sposobnost skrbi zase, mobilnost in zato pri vključevanju v družbo ter na delo. Dostopne študije ugotavljajo stopnjo vračanja na delo po možganski poškodbi od 0 % do 84 %, saj so bile vključene skupine bolnikov z različno resnostjo poškodbe možganov. Z našo raziskavo smo želeli ugotoviti delež bolnikov, ki so se po zaključeni celostni rehabilitaciji vrnili na delovno mesto. V prispevku so opisani glavni zaviralni dejavniki pri vračanju na delo, rezultati dostopnih študij in tudi rezultati slovenske pilotne raziskave o vračanju bolnikov na delo po možganski poškodbi. Metode: V retrospektivni raziskavi smo poslali anketni vprašalnik 108 bolnikom, ki so bili hospitalizirani na oddelku za rehabilitacijo bolnikov po možganski poškodbi URI % Soča v letih 2008 % 2010 zaradi posledic blage, zmerne in hude možganske poškodbe (Glasgowska lestvice kome 3 - 15). Vse anketirane osebe so bile v času pred nezgodno možgansko poškodbo zaposlene. Izpolnjen anketni vprašalnik smo prejeli od 78 oseb in pri vseh določili obseg in obliko zaposlitve po zaključeni rehabilitaciji. Rezultati: Štiriintridesetim osebam (44 %) je bila po zaključeni rehabilitaciji na invalidski komisiji (IK) dodeljena I. kategorija in so invalidsko upokojeni. Od preostalih oseb v raziskavi jih je bilo 22 (28 %) še vedno zaposlenih, 18 (23 %) oseb pa je bilo po zaključeni rehabilitaciji brezposelnih. Štiri (5 %) osebe so se starostno upokojile. |
