The issue of intrahospital infections within the intensive care unit

Autor: Kramar, Pamela
Přispěvatelé: Meštrović, Tomislav
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Popis: Unatoč tome što je medicina znatno uznapredovala, bolničke infekcije su, nažalost, i dalje sveprisutne u zdravstvu. Iako im se na sve moguće načine nastoji stati na kraj, sve su učestalije i broj im svake godine raste, posebice u jedinici intenzivnog liječenja, gdje se nalaze pacijenti koji su nerijetko imunokompromitirani i s predispozicijom za infekcije. Infekcije dodatno povećavaju i otežavaju komplikacije bolesti najugroženijih pacijenata, a može se reći i da su jedan od glavnih uzroka mortaliteta. Unatoč visokoj stopi mortaliteta pojedinih infekcija, u određenim slučajevima ne predstavljaju isključivi razlog smrti, nego je posljedica smrti teška klinička slika pacijenta zbog koje je pacijent prvotno hospitaliziran. Izrazito bitan indikator kvalitete zdravsta predstavljaju stope bolničkih infekcija. Obzirom da predstavljaju jedan od najvećih problema u zdravstvu, važan su segment procjene kvalitete usluge i njege u zdravstvenom sustavu, a kvalitetno organiziran sustav kontrole infekcija je bitno sredstvo borbe protiv navedenoga, ali i ograničavanju njegova učinka. Od izrazite je važnosti redovno provoditi educiranje zdravstvenih i nezdravstvenih djelatnika vezano za sprječavanje i prevenciju infekcija te provesti implementaciju strategije upravljanja rizikom za što su nužni procesi usporedbe s najkvalitetnijim standardima prakse. Kao i u svim drugim ustanovama i strategijama, tako su i unutar ove strategije postavljeni temeljni principi rada, njegove kvalitete i zaštite od rizika, što znači da je, prije svega, potrebno definirati i provesti identifikaciju rizika, a zatim provesti procjenu i analizu te, na samome kraju, provesti implementaciju promjene i nastojati konstantno raditi na poboljšanjima. U JIL-u nastanak bolničkih infekcija može biti povezan s komplikacijom osnovnih neinfektivnih bolesti ili postupcima intenzivnog liječenja pacijenata. Temelj rada svih zdravstvenih djelatnika čini zaštita pacijenata i njih samih, a bolničke infekcije svakodnevne su pojave te je njihova prevencija i sprječavanje dio svakodnevnog medicinskog rada. JIL čine značajnu ulogu prilikom incidencije bolničkih infekcija zbog primjene velikog broja invazivnih dijagnostičko-terapijskih metoda. Despite the fact that medicine has advanced significantly, nosocomial infections are still ubiquitous in healthcare. Although efforts are being made to end them in all possible ways, they are becoming more frequent and their number is growing every year, especially in the intensive care unit, where are patients who are often immunocompromised and predisposed to infections. Infections further increase and aggravate the complications of the disease of the most endangered patients and it can be said that they are one of the main causes of mortality. Despite the high mortality rate of individual infections, in certain cases they do not represent the sole cause of death, but result in a severe clinical picture of the patient for which the patient was initially hospitalized. Hospital infection rates are an extremely important indicator of health quality. Since they represent one of the biggest problems in health care, they are an important segment of assessing the quality of service and care in the health system. A well-organized infection control system is an important means of combating this, but also limiting its effect. It is extremely important to regularly educate health and non-health professionals regarding the prevention and prevention of infections and to implement a risk management strategy, which requires processes of comparison with the best standards of practice. As in all other institutions and strategies, the basic principles of work, its quality and protection against risk are set within this strategy. That means that, first of all, it is necessary to define and carry out risk identification, then conduct assessment and analysis, and, at the very end, implement change and strive to constantly work on improvements. In intensive care unit (ICU), the development of nosocomial infections may be associated with a complication of underlying non-communicable diseases or intensive care procedures for patients. The basis of the work of all health professionals is the protection of patients and themselves, given that nosocomial infections are a daily occurrence and their prevention is a part of everyday medical work. ICUs play a significant role in the incidence of nosocomial infections due to the use of a large number of invasive diagnostic and therapeutic methods.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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