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Multipla skleroza spada u kronične demijelinizacijske bolesti središnjeg živčanog sustava. Progresivna je bolest koja razara mijelinsku ovojnicu aksona neurona, te se za uzrok javljaju fizički i mentalni poremećaji. Javlja se u dobi od petnaeste do četrdesetipete, češća je u žena nego u muškaraca, a simptomi multiple skleroze su različiti kod svakog pojedinca. Kako i dalje nije pronađen lijek za ovo medicinsko stanje isto se liječi simptomatski. Dugotrajna fizioterapija pomaže olakšavanju simptoma koje se javljaju u multipli sklerozi, od fizičkih simptoma poput slabost i/ili spastičnost u mišićima, gubitak balansa, nepravilna postura do psihičkih simptoma kao što su depresija i anksioznost. Hipoterapija je terapijski pristup koji koristi konje za pomoć ljudima s različitim zdravstvenim problemima. Konji se koriste u terapiji jer svojim prirodnim hodom, ritmom i temperaturom tijela mogu pozitivno djelovati na ljude. Osoba s multiplom sklerozom ima aktivnu ulogu pri kontroli smjera i ritma konja prilikom terapije. Ovakav pristup zahtjeva tim koji gradi vodič, pacijent, fizioterapeut i još mnogi drugi zdravstvenih stručnjaci. Svrha hipoterapije je sprječavanje daljnjeg pogoršanja stanja bolesti te omogućiti bolesniku neovisnost u svakodnevnim aktivnostima. Multiple sclerosis belongs to the chronic demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system. It is a progressive disease that destroys the myelin sheath of neuron axons and causes physical and mental disorders. It occurs between the ages of fifteen and forty-five, is more common in women than in men, and the symptoms of multiple sclerosis are different for everyone. Since no cure has been found for this medical condition, it is treated symptomatically. Long-term physiotherapy helps to alleviate the symptoms that occur in multiple sclerosis, from physical symptoms such as weakness and/or spasticity in muscles, loss of balance, improper posture to psychological symptoms such as depression and anxiety. Hippotherapy is a therapeutic approach that uses horses to help people with various health problems. Horses are used in therapy because they can have a positive effect on people with their natural gait, rhythm, and body temperature. A person with multiple sclerosis plays an active role in controlling the direction and rhythm of the horse during therapy. This approach requires a team that consists of a guide, a patient, a physiotherapist, and many other health professionals. The purpose of hippotherapy is to prevent further deterioration of the condition of the disease and to enable the patient to be independent in daily activities. |
