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Vid je važno ljudsko osjetilo jer se njime procesuira 85% informacija iz okoline što vid čini temeljem kognitivnog, motoričkog, socijalnog i emocionalnog razvoja. Sukladno navedenom, jasno je kako se gubitkom vida narušava sklad razvoja i funkcioniranja samog čovjeka. Stari Egipćani smatrali su oko svetim organom jer su znali kako bez razlikovanja svjetlosti od tame nije moguće svakodnevno funkcioniranje. Samim time, za njih je sljepoća bila božja kazna. U današnje vrijeme, unatoč razvoju suvremene medicine, i dalje se u većini slučajeva slabovidnost i sljepoća ne mogu spriječiti ili pak izliječiti. Slabovidnost ili sljepoća ne smatraju se samo i isključivo medicinskim problemom već i psihološko socijalnim problemom. Osim što je slabovidnim i slijepim osobama fizički otežano svakodnevno funkcioniranje, često se osjećaju diskriminirano od ostatka populacije ograničavajući im prava i mogućnosti jednake ostaloj populaciji. Kroz nekoliko crtica Hrvatskog saveza slijepih, u radu će biti spomenuto nekoliko uputa i savjeta prilikom pristupa osobama sa slabovidnošću ili sljepoćom. Cilj ovog rada je prikazati određene anomalije oka koje mogu dovesti do nepovratne slabovidnosti i sljepoće oka kako bi se opća populacija osvijestila o važnosti redovitih kompletnih oftalmoloških pregleda. Kroz nekoliko prikaza slučaja, spojit će se sama spomenuta teorija s praksom. Vision is an important human sense because it processes 85% of information from the environment, which makes it the basis of cognitive, motor, social and emotional development. In accordance with the above, it is clear that loss of sight disrupts the harmony of development and functioning of the person himself. Ancient Egyptians considered the eye as a sacred organ because they knew that daily functioning was not possible without distinguishing light from darkness. Therefore, for them, blindness was God's punishment. Nowadays, despite the development of modern medicine, low vision and blindness still cannot be prevented or cured in most cases. Low vision or blindness are not only considered as a medical problem, but also a psychological and social problem. Apart from the fact that visually impaired and blind people have physical difficulties in their daily functioning, they often feel discriminated against from the rest of the population, limiting their rights and opportunities equal to the rest of the population. Through a few lines of the Croatian Blind Union, the paper will mention several instructions and advices when approaching people with low vision or blindness. The aim of this paper is to show certain eye anomalies that can lead to irreversible low vision and eye blindness in order to make the general population aware of the importance of regular complete ophthalmological examinations. Through several case presentations, the aforementioned theory will be combined with practice. |
