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Rane su sveprisutne u praksi medicinske sestre, vrlo je važno da se zbrinjavanju istih posveti mnogo edukacije i pozitivnih primjera iz prakse u svijetu. Na zbrinjavanje kroničnih rana, opada velik postotak zdravstvenog budžeta. Kako se povećava broj stanovništva starijeg od 60 godina, postotak kroničnih rana dijametralno tome i raste. Činjenica je da je tretman navedenih rana skup i dug te velik teret za zdravstvo, kao i medicinske djelatnike. Kako bi se troškovi, ali i vrijeme hospitalizacije smanjili, veoma je važno da se ranama (akutnim i kroničnim) pristupa na najsuvremeniji način. Zbrinjavanje rana spada u jedan od najstarijih kirurških problema. Ukupan razvoj znanja o rani, mogućnosti uklanjanja boli, razvoj bakteriologije, asepse i antisepse temelji su velikog napretka u zbrinjavanju rana tijekom druge polovice dvadesetog stoljeća. Kako je zbrinjavanje rane napredovalo, devedesetih godina dvadesetog stoljeća, otkrivena je nova metoda koja je danas smatrana zlatnim standardom liječenja rana – terapija rana negativnim tlakom. Terapija negativnim tlakom je potporna metoda liječenja kroničnih i akutnih rana. Koristi se negativni tlak od 40 do 125 mm Hg. Indikacijsko područje je vrlo široko, te je terapija pronašla široku primjenu kod različitih kliničkih indikacija. Kod dobre i pravovremene indikacije za primjenu terapije negativnim tlakom, primjena antibiotika je nepotrebna. Dokazano je da je vrijeme hospitalizacije statistički značajno manje kod bolesnika tretiranih negativnim tlakom naspram drugim metodama. Kako medicinska sestra provodi najviše vremena uz pacijenta, vrlo je važan njen pristup za vrijeme terapije negativnim tlakom. Iako postoje programi edukacije u svrhu specijalizacije medicinskih sestara diljem zemalja Europe, programi se razlikuju. Wounds are ubiquitous in the practice of nursing, it is very important that a lot of education and positive examples from practice in the world be devoted to the care of them. On the management of chronic wounds, a large percentage of the health budget declines. As the population older than 60 years increases, the percentage of chronic wounds diametrically increases. The fact is that the treatment of these wounds is expensive and long and a heavy burden for healthcare as well as medical professionals. In order to reduce the costs and the time of hospitalization, it is very important that the wounds (acute and chronic) are treated in the most up-to-date manner. Wound care is one of the oldest surgical problems. The overall development of wound knowledge, the ability to remove pain, the development of bacteriology, asepsis and antisepsis are the foundations of great progress in the management of wounds during the second half of the twentieth century. As wound management progressed, in the 1990s, a new method was discovered that was today considered the gold standard for wound healing - negative pressure wound therapy. Negative pressure therapy is a supportive method of treating chronic and acute wounds. A negative pressure of 40 to 125 mm Hg is used. The indication area is very wide and therapy has been widely used in a variety of clinical indications. With good and timely indication for the use of negative pressure therapy, antibiotic administration is unnecessary. The time of hospitalization has been shown to be statistically significantly less in patients treated with negative pressure compared to other methods. As the nurse spends the most time with the patient, her approach during negative pressure therapy is very important. Although there are training programs for the specialization of nurses across Europe, the programs vary. |
