Mechanisms and forms of cellular response in utilization of regenerative materials - periodontal aspects

Autor: Kovačević, Frane
Přispěvatelé: Puhar, Ivan
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2018
Předmět:
Popis: Evolucijski procesi opremili su kralježnjake dvama važnim mehanizmima odgovornima za staničnu izmjenu i cijeljenje, mehanizam reparacije i mehanizam regeneracije. Posljedica fibroblastima posredovane reparacije tkiva je cijeljenje kolagenim ožiljkastim tkivom koje na staničnoj razini može uzrokovati pojavu fibroma. Regenerativni mehanizmi djeluju na molekularnoj razini u konstantnom procesu održavanja i popravka stanične i tkivne funkcionalnosti utječući na fiziologiju same stanice. Regenerativni postupci u parodontološkoj terapiji imaju za cilj restitutio ad integrum svih sastavnica parodontnog kompleksa dominantno sačinjenog od parodontnog ligament, korijenskog cementa i alveolarne kosti. Jednostavnu ideju kompleksnog procesa regenerativne terapije možemo promotriti kao pokušaj klinički značajnog ubrzavanja tempa kojim tijelo u fiziološkim uvjetima nadomješta funkcionalne sastavnice. Razvojem djelotvornih materijala i metoda trenutno se bavi multidisciplinarno područje tkivnog inženjeringa temeljeno na molekularnoj biologiji stanice. Cijeljenje je vremenski i prostorno osjetljiv proces baziran na međustaničnoj komunikaciji i interakciji stanica s ekstracelularnim matriksom. Stanična diferencijacija, rast i razvoj ovisni su o genskoj ekspresiji. Istraživanja upućuju na važnost odabira specifičnih stanica, bioaktivnih molekula i nosača koji imitiraju ekstracelularni matriks. Tehnološki napredak omogućio je istraživanje i razvijanje materijala s poželjnim biološkim svojstvima. Uspješnim se pokazalo korištenje proteinskih derivata i bioaktivnih molekula te se uz navedeno istražuju genska terapija i imunomodulacija, koje za cilj imaju postići željeni odgovor organizma bez posredstva lijekova. Evolutionary processes equipped the vertebrates with two important mechanisms responsible for cellular modification and healing, the repair mechanism and the regeneration mechanism. The consequence of tissue repair mediated by fibroblasts is the healing through collagen cicatricial tissue which can cause the appearance of fibroma at the cellular level. Regenerative mechanisms work at the molecular level in a constant process of maintenance and repair of cellular and tissue functionalities affecting the physiology of the cell itself. The regenerative procedures in the periodontal therapy have the aim of restitutio ad integrum of all the components of the periodontal complex dominantly composed of the periodontal ligament, root cement and alveolar bone. The simple idea of a complex process of regenerative therapy can be seen as an attempt at a clinically significant acceleration of the pace at which the body in physiological conditions replaces its functional constituents. The development of effective materials and methods is currently the domain of a multidisciplinary field of tissue engineering which is based on the molecular biology of the cell. Healing is a temporally and spatially sensitive process based on intercellular communication and cellular interaction with the extracellular matrix. Cell differentiation, growth and development are dependent on the gene expression. The research suggests the importance of selecting specific cells, bioactive molecules, and scaffolds that mimic the extracellular matrix. Technological advances have enabled research and development of materials with the desired biological properties. The use of protein derivatives and bioactive molecules has been demonstrated as successful, and together with the aforementioned gene therapy and immunomodulation is also being researched, with the aim of achieving the desired response of the body without the mediation of medications.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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