The prevention of fractures in adults
| Autor: | Baldacchino, Ian, Baldacchino, Lisa |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
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| Popis: | Background General practitioners (GPs) encounter patients who have suffered a fracture or are at an increased risk. Fragility fractures cost Europe 32 billion Euros per year. Recognizing this challenge and understanding its management allows GPs to engage in primary and secondary prevention of fragility fractures. Aim To illustrate lifestyle and pharmacological management options offered by a general practitioner to an adult at increased risk of fractures or low bone mineral density (BMD). The National Osteoporosis Guideline Group (NOGG, 2016), World Health Organisation (WHO), International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF, 2012), Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO, 2009), Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) and National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) management guidelines are discussed in this regard. Objectives • To provide key definitions in the management of osteoporosis. • To identify groups at risk of developing low BMD, vitamin D deficiency and fragility fractures. • To illustrate the current management options for an adult at increased risk of fractures or low bone mass by a general practitioner. • To discuss current methods of investigation and measurement of low BMD, fracture risk assessment and vitamin D deficiency. • To address dietary requirements of calcium and vitamin D and local formulations available. Method A literature search was conducted using Pubmed and Google search engines. Keywords included: osteoporosis; low bone mineral density; vitamin D; fragility fracture; postmenopausal. The NOGG (2016), WHO, IOF (2012), KDIGO (2009), SIGN and NICE management guidelines were included directly. Treatments ranging from fall prevention, dietary modification, anti-resorptive therapy and tailoring in subgroups were reviewed. Conclusion Guidelines can close the gap between physicians in primary and secondary care, institutions and private practice providing a multifaceted approach for the proper identification, prevention and management of fragility fractures. peer-reviewed |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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