MicroRNAs: Master regulators of drug resistance, stemness, and metastasis
| Autor: | Raza U., Zhang J.D., Şahin O. |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
erlotinib
letrozole sunitinib epithelial mesenchymal transition platinum complex gefitinib taxane derivative cisplatin temozolomide Metastasis fluorouracil paclitaxel RNA interference Neoplasms cetuximab animal genetics Stemness Neoplasm Metastasis antineoplastic antimetabolite irinotecan fulvestrant microRNA tamoxifen Systems Biology gemcitabine gene expression regulation Epithelial-mesenchymal transition Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic trastuzumab Neoplastic Stem Cells cancer therapy protein RNA binding cancer stem cell chlormethine review Systems biomedicine anthracycline doxorubicin mitoxantrone topotecan miRNA-protein interaction networks vinblastine Animals Humans human mitomycin drug resistance nonhuman camptothecin alkaloid biogenesis MicroRNAs Drug Resistance Neoplasm physiology gene expression pathology |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Molecular Medicine |
| Popis: | MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are 20-22 nucleotides long small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally. Last decade has witnessed emerging evidences of active roles of miRNAs in tumor development, progression, metastasis, and drug resistance. Many factors contribute to their dysregulation in cancer, such as chromosomal aberrations, differential methylation of their own or host genes' promoters and alterations in miRNA biogenesis pathways. miRNAs have been shown to act as tumor suppressors or oncogenes depending on the targets they regulate and the tissue where they are expressed. Because miRNAs can regulate dozens of genes simultaneously and they can function as tumor suppressors or oncogenes, they have been proposed as promising targets for cancer therapy. In this review, we focus on the role of miRNAs in driving drug resistance and metastasis which are associated with stem cell properties of cancer cells. Furthermore, we discuss systems biology approaches to combine experimental and computational methods to study effects of miRNAs on gene or protein networks regulating these processes. Finally, we describe methods to target oncogenic or replace tumor suppressor miRNAs and current delivery strategies to sensitize refractory cells and to prevent metastasis. A holistic understanding of miRNAs' functions in drug resistance and metastasis, which are major causes of cancer-related deaths, and the development of novel strategies to target them efficiently will pave the way towards better translation of miRNAs into clinics and management of cancer therapy. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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