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3-letno preživetje brez bolezni pri bolnikih z lokalno napredovalim rakom danke je trenutno približno 50 %. Standardno zdravljenje bolnikov z visokim tveganjem za lokalno in/ali sistemsko ponovitev bolezni vključuje predoperativno radioterapijo po dolgem protokolu (5 tednov) v kombinaciji s kemoterapijo (neoadjuvantna kemoradioterapija). Dokazano je, da neoadjuvantna kemoradioterapija izboljša lokalno kontrolo, vendar ne vpliva na preživetje. Sistemski recidivi ostajajo velik problem pri lokalno napredovalem raku danke. Z namenom zmanjšanja oddaljenih metastaz brez ogrožanja lokoregionalnega nadzora z uporabo radioterapije po kratkem režimu, ki ji sledi kemoterapija in odložena operacija je bila sestavljena in izvedena študija RAPIDO (Rectal cancer And Preoperative Induction therapy followed by Dedicated Operation – RAPIDO). Šlo je za multicentrično, mednarodno študijo faze 3 v kateri je sodelovalo 54 onkoloških centrov med katerimi tudi Onkološki inštitut v Ljubljani. The 3-year disease-free survival rate for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer is currently approximately 50%. Standard treatment for patients at high risk of local and/or systemic disease recurrence includes preoperative radiotherapy following a long protocol (5 weeks) in combination with chemotherapy (neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy). Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy has been shown to improve local control but not to affect survival. Systemic recurrences remain a major problem in locally advanced rectal cancer. The RAPIDO (Rectal cancer And Preoperative Induction therapy followed by Dedicated Operation - RAPIDO) study was designed and implemented with the aim of reducing distant metastases without jeopardizing locoregional control by using radiotherapy after a short regimen, followed by chemotherapy and delayed surgery. It was a multicenter, international phase 3 study in which 54 oncology centers participated, including the Oncology Institute in Ljubljana. |
