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Pomen magnetnih nanodelcev kot potencialnih nosilcev biomolekul v biotehnologiji in biomedicini hitro raste. V zadnjih letih so pokazali tudi odlične rezultate na področju mikropretočnih sistemov, saj predstavljajo zmogljivo orodje za imobilizacijo biokatalizatorja, ki ga je mogoče enostavno manipulirati z uporabo zunanjega magnetnega polja. Zaradi možne funkcionalizacije se uporabljajo v številnih biokatalitskih aplikacijah in separacijah celic. Funkcionalizirani magnetni nanodelci kot trdni nosilci ponujajo možnost tvorbe kovalentne vezi preko epoksidnih, metilnih ali aminopropilnih skupin ter koordinacijske vezave s kovinskimi ioni. Uporabljajo se lahko za tarčno zdravljenje, imobilizacijo encimov ali inkapsulacijo biomolekul. Magnetni nanodelci se pogosto nahajajo v mikroreaktorskih komorah, pri čemer se njihovo zadrževanje nadzira z zunanjim magnetnim poljem. Takšni mikroreaktorji so zelo učinkoviti pri biodetekcijah ter biokatalitskih in bioanalitskih aplikacijah. Na temeljih obravnave literature v tem delu lahko zaključim, da je uporaba magnetnih nanodelcev v magnetnem polju ena izmed najbolj obetavnih tehnik imobilizacije biokatalizatorjev v mikropretočnih sistemih. The importance of magnetic nanoparticles as potential carriers of biomolecules in biotechnology and biomedicine is growing rapidly. In recent years, they have also shown excellent results in the field of microfluidic systems because they represent a powerful tool for biocatalyst immobilization that can be easily manipulated using an external magnetic field. Due to their possible functionalization, they are used in many biocatalytic applications and cell separations. Functionalized magnetic nanoparticles as solid supports offer the possibility of covalent bond formation through epoxy, methyl, or aminopropyl groups and coordination bonding with metal ions. They can be used for targeted therapy, immobilization of enzymes, or encapsulation of biomolecules. Magnetic nanoparticles are often located in microreactor chambers. In the process, their retention is controlled by an external magnetic field. Such microreactors are very effective in biodetection, as well as in biocatalytic and bioanalytical applications. Based on the examination of literature in this work, I can conclude that the use of magnetic nanoparticles in a magnetic field is one of the most promising techniques for the immobilization of biocatalysts in microflow systems. |
