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Osnova vsake gradnje je, da se zagotovi pravilna geometrija in stabilnost objekta. Zaradi različnih vplivov lahko kasneje pride do premika, nagiba ali drugih sprememb geometrije objekta. Ena od nalog geodezije je preverjanje in določanje geometrijskih lastnosti grajenih objektov. Obstajajo različne metode geodetskih izmer za tovrstno dela. Med bolj primerne uvrščamo terestrično lasersko skeniranje (TLS). V praktičnem delu magistrskega dela ugotavljanjamo morebitne spremembe geometrije in nagiba cerkvenega zvonika v Črnem Kalu. Osnova za analizo je oblak točk. Analizo lahko razdelimo v štiri korake, ki vključujejo ugotavljanje nagibov posameznih delov zvonika, določevanja nagibov po različnih višinskih nivojih ter celotnega zvonika ter analizo geometrije z izrisom različnih prerezov. Prvi del vključuje ugotavljanje nagibov posameznih večjih ravnih površin zvonika. Sledila je določitev kota nagiba na podlagi primerjanja centra jabolka s položajem zidov zvonika na nivoju tal. V tretjem koraku smo zvonik razdelili na pet višinskih sekcij in primerjali središče vsake ploskve sekcije ter določili nagibe med njimi. V zadnjem delu analiziranja geometrije zvonika iz oblaka točk smo z izrisi horizontalnih prerezov na različnih višinskih nivojih ugotavljali zamike oz. lome po nivojih. Rezultate smo primerjali z izmero iz leta 2013 in ugotovili, da se je zvonik med letoma 2013 in 2020 dodatno nagnil za 0o 05‘ 25'', kar znaša približno 4 cm. Na nivoju jabolka je zvonik nagnjen za 1, 25 m. Zvonik je najbolj nagnjen med drugim in tretjim višinskim nivojem. The basis of any construction is to ensure the geometry and stability of the building. Due to various influences, the movement and tilt of the building can occur. One of the tasks of geodesy is to check and determine geometry and the slope. There are various methods of geodetic measurements for this type of work. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) is one of the most suitable. In the practical part of the master's thesis, we identify possible changes in the geometry and slope of the church bell tower in Črni Kal. The basis for the analysis is the point cloud. The analysis can be divided into four steps, which include determining the slopes of individual parts of the bell tower, determining the slopes at different height levels and the whole bell tower, and analyzing the geometry by drawing different cross sections. This was followed by determining the angle of inclination by comparing the center of the apple with the position of the walls of the bell tower at ground level. In the third step, we divided the bell tower into five height sections and compared the center of each surface of the section and determined the slopes between them. In the last part of the analysis of the geometry of the bell tower from the point cloud, we used the drawings of horizontal sections at different height levels to determine the offsets or breaks by levels. We compared the results with the measurement from 2013 and found that between 2013 and 2020 the bell tower was additionally tilted by 0º 05' 25'', which is about 4 cm. At the level of the apple, the bell tower is inclined by 1.25 m. The bell tower is most inclined between the second and third elevation levels. |
