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Pri izvedbi gradbenega projekta se sreča večje število udeležencev z različnih področij in strok. Njihov skupni namen je, da se objekt zgradi v najkrajšem času, z najmanjšimi potrebnimi stroški, v najbolj kakovostni možni izvedbi. Udeleženci si med seboj izmenjujejo informacije. Delo teče okrog ogromne količine informacij, ki mora biti vsem dostopna. Kakršnakoli izguba, podvajanje ali neusklajenost informacij predstavlja dodaten strošek projekta. Prihranki, ki jih lahko dosežemo z obvladovanjem informacij, se pokažejo kot skrajšanje časa izvedbe projekta, zmanjšanje časa dela udeležencev ali zmanjšanje stroškov izvedbe. Z boljšim obvladovanjem informacij praviloma dosežemo tudi večjo kvaliteto izdelka. V magistrskem delu se osredotočamo na obvladovanje informacij v fazi gradnje. Predstavili smo potek komunikacij v gradbeništvu, temeljne potrebe, ki narekujejo skupno podatkovno okolje, predpise, ki urejajo ta področja, ter rešitve, ki so do sedaj nastale. Pregledali in analizirali smo trenutno stanje na področju programov in aplikacij, ki se ukvarjajo z obvladovanjem podatkov in skupnih podatkovnih okolij. Ocenili smo prednosti in slabosti nekaj takih podatkovnih okolij ter izvedli analizo njihove funkcionalnosti. Na podlagi izkušenj pri projektih, pri katerih smo sodelovali, smo zbrali lastnosti komunikacijskega okolja, ki jih udeleženci v fazi gradnje potrebujejo. Analizirali smo posamezne aktivnosti komuniciranja in prenosa podatkov po tradicionalni poti ter jih primerjali s komuniciranjem prek skupnega podatkovnega okolja. Na podlagi teh analiz smo ovrednotili prihranke, ki jih prinese uporaba takega okolja. Ugotavljamo, da z aktivno uporabo skupnega podatkovnega okolja pri svojem delu lahko dosežemo prihranke, kar smo tudi prikazali v nalogi. The implementation of a construction project requires many workers from different fields and professions. Their common goal is to make sure that the object is built as fast as possible, with minimum costs, and with the highest level of quality. Participants in the project exchange information. Their work is based on an enormous quantity of information, which has to be available to all. Any information loss, duplication of information, or asymmetries of information may generate additional project costs. As a result of information management, money can be saved by shortening project duration or workers' working time or reducing implementation costs. Through information management, higher quality of products can also be achieved. In this master's thesis, we focus on information management in the construction phase. We presented communication in the field of construction, basic needs arising from a common data environment, regulations in this field, and solutions achieved to this day. We reviewed and analysed the current situation related to programs and applications used to manage data and common data environments. By examining advantages and disadvantages of such data environments, we conducted an analysis of their functionalities. Based on experience from previous projects we participated in, we presented characteristics of a communication environment required by workers involved in the construction phase. After analysing individual communication and data transfer activities in a traditional way, we compared them to shared environment communication. Based on these analyses, we assessed savings brought by such an environment. We determined that, by actively using a shared data environment in our work, we are able to achieve savings, which was also demonstrated in this master's thesis. |
