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Magistrsko delo se ukvarja z analizo filma z naslovom Heisei Tanuki Gassen Ponpoko 『平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ』oz. Vojna rakunastih psov obdobja heisei – ponpoko, izdanega leta 1994, ter raziskovanjem lika rakunastega psa oz. tako imenovanega tanukija. Glavna hipoteza je, da se je vloga ter vizualna podoba tanukija skozi leta spremenila in ni ostala enaka. Razlogi za to pa so modernizacija ter oddaljitev od samega pravljičnega sveta. Rakunasti pes je poleg devetorepe lisice na Japonskem eden izmed najpomembnejših pravljičnihlikov. Med drugim spadajo tudi pod tako imenovane yōkaije, ki so na Japonskem bogovi, duhovi in živali, ki imajo nadnaravne moči in imajo moč spreminjanja v oblike, preobrazbe, stvari, osebe in podobno. Takšno moč ima tudi tanuki. Spremeni se lahko v ljudi, kipce, živali, lahko pa prikaže celo vsakdanje prizore iz življenja ljudi in dogodke iz preteklosti. Tanuki je v starejših mitološkihzgodbah veljal za strašnega morilca, skozi leta, natančneje med modernizacijo Japonske, pa je postal simbol okoljevarstva in protesta proti industrializaciji. V enaki luči in enako okoljevarstveno sporočilo pa ima tudi analizirani film Ponpoko, ki opozarja na tanukije in druge živali, ki se borijo za preživetje in se poskušajo prilagoditi čedalje večji moči, ki jo ima človek. Zaradi preobrata v vlogi je bila hipoteza v delu potrjena in ugotovljam, da je lik tanukija danes čedalje bolj nežen in ljubek mitološkilik, ki ga povezujejo z okoljevarstvenimi temami in s humorjem. The theme of my master thesis is the analysis of the film Heisei Tanuki Gassen Ponpoko 『平成狸合戦ぽんぽこ』or Heisei-era Raccoon Dog War Ponpoko from the year 1994 and with the research of the racoon dog or the so called tanuki. My hypothesis is that the role and visual image of tanuki has changed over the years and has not remained the same. The reasons for this are modernization and distance from the fairytale world itself. Next to the nine tailed fox is the racoon dog one of the more important fairytale characters in Japan. Among other things, they are also called yōkai, who are gods, spirits and animals with supernatural powers and also have shapeshifting powers. They can transform into humans, statues, animals and they can also even show everyday scenes from people’s lives and events from the past. Tanuki was considered a scary killer in oldermythological stories, and over the years, more precisely during the modernization of Japan, he became a symbol of environmental protection and protest against industrialization. In the analyzed film Ponpoko, the tanuki is shown in the same light and has also the same environmental message which draws attention to tanuki and other animals that are struggling to survive and trying to adapt to the growing power that humankind has. Due to the change in the role, the hypothesis in the work was confirmed and I find that the character of tanuki is today an increasingly gentle and graceful mythological character associated with environmental themes and humor. |
