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Uvod: Razvoj tehnologije je v kirurgiji povzročil velik napredek, razvili so se kirurški robotski sistemi. Robotska kirurgija obsega vrsto operativnih posegov, ki se izvajajo z uporabo robotskih sistemov. Gre za minimalno invazivne kirurške posege, ki jih vodijo kirurgi in omogočajo krajšo hospitalizacijo ter hitrejše okrevanje bolnikov. Pomembno vlogo v robotski kirurgiji imajo operacijske medicinske sestre, ki morajo imeti zadostno znanje za varen, kakovosten in nemoten potek operacije. V Sloveniji je robotska kirurgija dokaj nova, zato primanjkuje raziskav in literature na to temo. Roboti ne morejo nadomestiti kirurške ekipe, so jim pa lahko v veliko pomoč. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti vlogo operacijske medicinske sestre pri robotskih operacijah ter posebnosti in specifike v primerjavi s klasičnimi operacijami. Metode dela: Diplomsko delo temelji na deskriptivni metodi. Izveden je bil pregled znanstvene in strokovne literature v slovenskem in angleškem jeziku. Literatura je bila pridobljena prek portala Digitalne knjižnice Univerze v Ljubljani. Uporabljene so bile podatkovne baze CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, eBook Collection, Academic Search Complete in COBIB. Za diplomsko delo je bilo uporabljenih 55 enot literature. Rezultati: Robotska kirurgija po svetu postaja zelo razširjena kirurška metoda zdravljenja. Kirurg lahko skozi manjše zareze izvede zahtevno operacijo, pacientu pa omogoči hitrejšo in kakovostnejšo rehabilitacijo. Operacijska medicinska sestra mora poznati postopek in pripravo robotske operacije, da lahko sodeluje s kirurško ekipo. Pomembna je medsebojna komunikacija, sodelovanje in zaupanje članov kirurške ekipe, da se operacija lahko izvede varno in uspešno. Razprava in zaključek: Operacijska medicinska sestra, ki sodeluje pri robotskih operacijah, mora imeti dovolj znanja in izkušenj s poznavanjem, delovanjem in pripravo robotskega sistema. Prav tako mora poznati pripravo pacienta na tovrstne posege, neprekinjeno skrbeti za njegovo varnost, udobje in preprečevati morebitne zaplete. Introduction: Technological development has caused an immense improvement in the field of surgical procedures, the development of surgical robotics being one of them. Surgical robotics covers types of surgical procedures that are performed with the use of robotic systems. Such procedures are minimally invasive, allow shorter hospitalization, while still being managed and controlled by the surgeon. An essential role in robotic surgery is also placed on the perioperative nurse, who must have sufficient and effective knowledge for a safe, quality and undisturbed course of a surgical procedure. In Slovenia, the method of surgical robotics technology is still quite new, therefore we come across a lack of research, studies and literature concerning the topic discussed. Robots cannot replace the surgical team, however can be of great help. Aim: To introduce role of a perioperative nurse in surgical robotics and point out the specifics and distinct differences compared to classical surgical procedures. Methods: This diploma is based on a descriptive method. Overview of scientific papers in Slovene and English language was completed. Literature was obtained via Digital Library of the University of Ljubljana. Data bases used are CINAHL, PubMed/Medline, eBook Collection, Academic Search Complete and COBIB. Overall, 55 units of literature were used. Results: Surgical robotics as a method is rapidly spreading around the world. The surgeon can perform a complex procedure through a small incision, which enables a quicker and better rehabilitation. A perioperative nurse must follow and be familiar with the procedure and preparation of robotic surgery, so that she can cooperate with the team. Communication, cooperation and trust between members of the surgical team are all vital contributing factors for a safe and efficient procedure. Analysis and conclusion: Perioperative nurse in surgical robotics must have competent knowledge of mechanism of operation and performance of surgical robotics technology. Moreover, she has to be familiar with the procedures of patient preparation for such procedures and constantly care for his wellbeing, safety and complications avoidance. |
