| Popis: |
Ob obstoju več vrst merilnih tehnologij in njihovi vse večji dostopnosti se spreminjajo tudi pristopi k merjenju različnih pojavov v življenjskem okolju. Poznavanje razmer na sotočju, tako na vodotokih (rečna korita) kot na številnih objektih in vodni infrastrukturi (ribje steze), ima za uporabnike in načrtovalce del v tem okolju velik pomen. Na sotočju dveh tokov s prosto gladino z višjimi Reynoldsovimi in Froudovimi števili se pojavijo kvazi stacionarni stoječi valovi, katerih dinamika toka je zelo izrazita. V preteklosti so se lastnosti takšnih tokov merile z dotikalnimi ali tlačnimi zaznavali, ki pa imajo omejeno časovno in prostorsko ločljivost. V tej magistrski nalogi smo se določanja višine stoječega valovanja lotili s pomočjo fotogrametrije. Na merilni postaji z dvema pravokotnima tokovoma smo kvazi stoječi val snemali z dvema hitrima kamerama, s pomočjo posnetkov pa smo po njihovi obdelavi naredili 3D model vala in določili njegovo višino. Ugotovili smo, da rezultati niso dovolj natančni za določanje višine vala ali bolj podrobno analizo topografske strukture. Za bolj natančne rezultate bi potrebovali večje število kamer, ki bi prispevale k večjemu številu posnetkov iz več različnih zornih kotov dogajanja. With the existence of several types of measurement technologies and their increasing availability, approaches to measuring various phenomena in the living environment are also changing. Knowing the situation at the confluence, both on watercourses (riverbeds) and on many facilities and water infrastructure (fish paths) is of great importance for users and planners of works in this environment. At the confluence of two free-surface currents with higher Reynolds and Froud numbers, quasi-stationary standing waves appear, the flow dynamics of which are very pronounced. In the past, these properties have been measured with tactile or pressure sensors, but they have limited temporal and spatial resolution. In this master's thesis, we determined the height of such a stream with the help of photogrammetry. At a measuring station with two perpendicular currents, we recorded a quasi-standing wave with two high-speed cameras, and with the help of images we made a 3D model of the wave after their processing and determined its height. We found that the results were not accurate enough to determine the wave height or a more detailed analysis of the topographic structure, and that more accurate results would require a larger number of cameras to contribute to more images from several different angles. |
