| Popis: |
Plastika je zaradi širokega nabora in relativno preprostih možnosti načrtovanja njenih lastnosti tehnološko izredno zanimiv in zelo pogosto uporabljen moderni material. Uporabljamo jo za embalažo hrane, kozmetike, zdravil, igrač, tehničnih naprav in raznih orodij, izrednega pomena pa je tudi v obliki osnovnih materialov raznih tehničnih in drugih izdelkov. Njena razširjenost pa na žalost povzroča tudi velik problem onesnaževanja okolja. Ta problem običajno naslavljamo in rešujemo z različnimi postopki reciklaže in izrabe odpadne plastike, ki lahko poteka kemijsko, encimsko ali mehansko. V diplomskem delu smo predstavili nekaj tovrstnih ustaljenih postopkov in raziskali trenutne trende njihovega razvoja. Plastic is a technologically extremely interesting modern material due to the broad range and variability of its properties and relatively simple possibilities of their tuning. It is used for the packaging of food, cosmetics, medicines, toys, technical devices and various tools, and it is also extremely important in the form of basic materials for various technical and other products. Unfortunately, its prevalence is also related to the problem of environmental pollution. This problem is usually addressed by various processes of recycling and utilization of waste plastics, which can take place chemically, enzymatically or mechanically. In this work we focused to some of such well-established procedures and explored the current trends in their developments. |
