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Kavitacija je pojav faznega prehoda podoben vrenju, le da do uparjanja kapljevine, namesto zaradi povišane temperature, pride zaradi znižanega tlaka. Mehanizmi, s katerimi kavitacijski mehurčki koristno ali škodljivo vplivajo na svojo okolico, niso v celoti raziskani. Posledično je eno izmed temeljnih področij študije kavitacije namenjeno opazovanju dinamike in vplivov posameznega kavitacijskega mehurčka. Večina znanstvenih del s tega področja ne vrednoti vpliva izbrane metode generacije mehurčka na samo dogajanje, kar poveča negotovost in s tem ponovljivost ter obnovljivost izvedenih eksperimentov. Ker je bistvena lastnost vsakega poskusa prav njegova eksperimentalna negotovost, smo zato obravnavali specifiko štirih najbolj razširjenih metod za generacijo posameznega kavitacijskega mehurčka. V magistrskem delu smo zbrali in povzeli bistveno literaturo s tega področja ter vrednotili ponovljivost in druge, za dinamiko parnih mehurčkov pomembne, parametre. Cavitation is a phase transition phenomenon similar to boiling, except that liquid vaporisation is caused by reduced pressure instead by increased temperature. The mechanisms by which cavitation bubbles interact with their surroundings are not fully understood, making observation of single bubble dynamics one of the basic areas of cavitation research. However, most scientific work in this field does not consider the impact of the selected method on the experiment itself. That increases the uncertainty and thus the repeatability and reproducibility of the performed experiments. Since uncertainty is one of the fundamental features of every experiment, we analysed the specifics of four most widely used methods for generation of a single cavitation bubble. In our work we have collected and summarized the essential literature in this field and evaluated the repeatability as well as other important parameters related to dynamics of vapor bubbles. |
