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Dosedanje raziskave in literatura govorijo o manjši motivaciji pri ženskah za opravljanje zahtevnih nalog v konkurenčnem okolju in v sistemih spodbud, ki so odvisne od uspešnosti. V tem članku raziskujemo, ali dve motivacijski težnji, vedenjski pristop (BAS) in sistem izogibanja (BIS), pojasnjujeta razlike med spoloma na občutljivost nagrajevanja. Da bi preučili to vprašanje, smo izvedli poskus, pri katerem smo uporabili spremenjeno Sternbergovo nalogo, nalogo delovnega spomina, na študentih Ekonomske fakultete. Merili smo odločitve udeležencev o izbiri lahke in težke naloge, uspešnost reševanja glede na nivo težavnosti, njihove težnje po pristopu in izogibanju ter njihovo finančno uspešnost. Ugotovili smo, da imajo ženske bistveno višje rezultate pri BIS, pri BAS pa ni večjih razlik med spoloma. Poleg tega, da imajo nagrade nekoliko močnejši motivacijski učinek na posameznike z visokim BAS in nizkim BIS, pomembnih razlik med spoloma na občutljivost nagrajevanja nismo opazili. Research and literature to date suggest that women are less motivated to take on challenging tasks in competitive contexts and performance-contingent incentive systems. In this paper, we investigate whether two motivational tendencies, the behavioral approach (BAS) and the avoidance system (BIS), explain gender differences in reward sensitivity. To examine this question, we conducted an experiment using a modified Sternberg task – working memory task – on students at the Faculty of Economics. We measured participants' decisions to choose between easy and difficult tasks, their results in their performance of difficulty task, their approach and avoidance tendencies and their financial performance. We found that women score significantly higher on BIS, but there are no significant gender differences on BAS. Apart from the fact that rewards have a slightly stronger motivational effect on individuals with high BAS and low BIS, we did not find significant gender differences in reward sensitivity. |
