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Področje dolgotrajne oskrbe v Sloveniji kljub pritiskom javnosti in različnih mednarodnih in domačih pristojnih institucij še vedno ni enotno in sistemsko urejeno, kar pomeni, da imajo uporabniki dolgotrajne oskrbe izrazito neenakopraven položaj, v mnogih primerih pa celo ostanejo izven sistema in ne prejmejo ustrezne pomoči. Potrebe po dolgotrajni oskrbi bodo s časom vedno bolj naraščale, kar nam kažejo demografske projekcije, ki napovedujejo, da bo v Sloveniji staranje prebivalstva še bolj izrazito kot v drugih državah. V pričujočem delu želimo torej pokazati, da je obstoječa ureditev neustrezna in da mora Slovenija, ki je z ustavo opredeljena kot socialna država, vzpostaviti takšen sistem dolgotrajne oskrbe, ki bo omogočil, da bodo vsi, ki potrebujejo storitve iz naslova dolgotrajne oskrbe, slednje tudi dobili. Z namenom, da prikažemo primere dobrih praks in opozorimo tudi na njihove omejitve, bomo prikazali, kako je sistem dolgotrajne oskrbe urejen v Nemčiji, Avstriji in na Nizozemskem. Predstavili bomo tudi, kaj je socialna država in kaj država blaginja, saj nam bo to pomagalo pri razumevanju vloge države pri ureditvi sistema dolgotrajne oskrbe. Nujnost ureditve sistema bomo pokazali tudi skozi demografske trende, ki predvsem na račun staranja napovedujejo prehod v t. i. dolgožive družbe, kar vpliva na kakovost življenja in pod vprašaj postavlja vzdržnost obstoječih sistemov socialne varnosti. The field of long-term care in Slovenia, despite pressure from the public and various international and domestic competent institutions, is still not regulated in a uniform and systemic way, which means that users of long-term care have a very unequal position and, in many cases, even fall out of the system and do not receive adequate assistance. The need for long-term care will increase over time, as shown by demographic projections, which predict an even greater aging of the population in Slovenia than in other countries. In the present work, we aim to show that the existing system is inadequate and that Slovenia, which is defined in the Constitution as a welfare state, needs to establish such a system of long-term care that makes it possible for all who need care services to receive them. In order to show examples of good practice and also to point out their limitations, we will show how the long-term care system is regulated in Germany, Austria and the Netherlands. We will also present what a welfare state is and what a welfare state is, as this will help us to understand the role of the state in regulating the long-term care system. We will also show the need to regulate the system based on the demographic trends that predict the transition to the so-called long-lived societies, which affects the quality of life and questions the sustainability of the existing social security systems. |
