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V magistrskem delu smo zasnovali termo-hidravlični dizajn kalorimetra injektorja nevtralnega žarka v fuzijskem reaktorju »Divertor Tokamak Test facility« (DTT), ki bo zgrajen v Frascatiju, Italija. Na podlagi izbranih vhodnih podatkov smo s pomočjo Gaussove funkcije izdelali model porazdelitve gostote toplotnega toka nevtralnega žarka na ogrevni površini kalorimetra. Zasnovali smo koncept hlajenja kalorimetra z uporabo spiralnega vložka v U-cevi panela. Osnovne parametre smo določili z analitičnimi modeli, na podlagi katerih smo postavili geometrijski in numerični model. S pomočjo metod računalniške dinamike tekočin (RDT) smo izdelali numerično analizo reprezentativnega modela kalorimetra. Pri tem smo uporabili Reynoldsovo povprečenje transportnih enačb in SST k-omega model za modeliranje turublentnega toka. Z analizo smo dobili porazdelitev temperature v panelu kalorimetra in tlačni padec. Temperature smo primerjali z dopustnimi vrednostmi materiala CuCrZr in hladilne tekočine (vode). Tlačni padec v hladilnih ceveh smo primerjali z dopustnim tlačnim padcem toka vode. S pomočjo smernic analitičnih korelacij in RDT simulacij smo razvili optimiziran model kalorimetra, ki zadostuje danim pogojem odvoda toplote z enofaznim spiralnim tokom pri enostranskem segrevanju. Napako RDT simulacij smo ocenili z analizo numerične mreže in s primerjavo z eksperimentalnim primerom iz literature. In the master thesis we designed a thermo-hydraulic solution of the calorimeter for the neutral beam injector in a fusion reactor »Divertor Tokamak Test facility« (DTT), to be built in Frascati, Italy. Using the available imput data, a mathematical model of neutral beam heat flux distribution on the heated surface, based on Gaussian function, was developed. The concept of calorimeter cooling using the twisted tape insert in a U-pipe panel was designed. Analytical models were used to determine the basic parameters, from which the geometric and numerical model of the calorimeter panel was built. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methods were used to perform numerical analysis of a representative model of the calorimeter. We have used Reynolds averaging of transport equation combined with the SST k-omega turublence model to model the single-phase turbulent flow. Using the CFD analysis the temperature distribution in the calorimeter panel and the pressure drop in the coolant flow were obtained. Temperatures were compared with the allowable values of CuCrZr material and coolant (water). The pressure drop in the cooling pipes was compared with the allowable pressure drop of the water flow. Using the guidelines of analytical model, an optimized calorimeter model was developed, which meets the requirements of heat removal with single-phase swirl flow under one-sided heating. The uncertainty of CFD modelling was estimated by the mesh refinement analysis and by comparison of experimental data from the literature. |
