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Analizo krvnih slik smo izvedli na asimptomatskih in okuženih živalih človeške ribice (Proteus anguinus anguinus Laurenti 1768), ki so bile ujete v planinsko-postojnskem jamskem sistemu in nato različno dolgo zadrževane v ujetništu. Tri živali so imele bolezenske simptome ob ujetju iz narave (edem ali pa shiranost zaradi endoparazitov), pri štirih so se pojavili bolezenski simptomi v ujetništvu (glivna okužba, edem, ektoparaziti), pri treh živalih pa so bile v krvi identificirane amebe. Na krvnih razmazih smo določili delež različnih krvnih celic ter analizirali diferencialno krvno sliko. Na vzorcih sveže krvi asimptomatskih živali in ene simptomatske živali smo izvedli hemocitometrijo za izračun koncentracije krvnih celic v volumnu krvi in izmerili hematokrit (Hct). Koncentracija RBC v mililitru krvi in Hct sta v območju poznanem za repatce z velikim genomom in velikimi celicami. Nizek Hct je sovpadal z akutno okužbo z ektoparaziti. Krvne slike asimptomatskih živali se v ujetništvu niso bistveno spremenile, nizko je tudi razmerje nevtrofilcev in limfocitov (N/L) (pokazatelj stresa), kar kaže, da živali v ujetništvu niso v stresu. Krvne slike simptomatskih živali so bile zelo raznolike in so se od asimptomatskih razlikovale predvsem v diferencialnem deležu eozinofilcev, ki je bil povišan v primeru endoparazitov in amebidne okužbe, vendar to ni bilo značilno za vse živali s temi simptomi. Pri nekaterih živalih z endoparazitsko okužbo smo zaznali tudi upad limfocitov in izrazit porast nevtrofilcev, v enem primeru (žival z edemom) tudi izrazit porast monocitov. Nasprotno temu, smo pri nekaterih živalih z endoparazitsko ali ektoparazitsko okužbo zaznali nevtropenijo in posledično izjemno nizko razmerje N/L. Nevtropenija je bila zaznana tudi pri manjšem številu asimptomatskih živali iz narave, kar kaže na možnost okužbe s paraziti, čeprav živali niso imele nikaršnih simptomov. Glede na raznolikost diferencialnih krvnih slik živali z enakimi simptomi oziroma okužbo, le-te niso zanesljiv pokazatelj okužbe, prav tako odziv živali ni značilen za tip okužbe. An analysis of blood counts was performed on specimens of the European blind cave salamander (Proteus anguinus anguinus Laurenti 1768) captured from the Postojna cave and held in captivity for varying lengths of time. Three animals had disease symptoms when captured in the wild (edema or malnourished due to endoparasites), four developed disease symptoms in captivity (edema, fungal and ectoparasitic infections), and amoebae were found in the blood of three wild animals. We performed hemocytometry on fresh blood samples and measured hematocrits (Hct). We analyzed the differential blood counts by determining the total red blood cells (RBC), white blood cells (WBC), and thrombocytes in blood smears. The concentration of RBCs per milliliter and the Hct were within the range known for urodeles. Low Hct was found in individual with acute ectoparasitic infection. The blood counts of the asymptomatic animals did not change significantly in captivity, and the neutrophil to lymphocyte (N/L) ratio remained low, indicating that the animals were not stressed in captivity. Blood counts of symptomatic animals were highly variable and differed from asymptomatic animals primarly in the varying proportion of eosinophils, which were elevated in the case of endoparasites or amoebic infection. In some animals with endoparasitic infection we noted a decrease in lymphocytes and an increase in neutrophils, and in one case (an animal with edema) also a marked increase in monocytes. In contrast, neutropenia and associated extremly low N/L ratios were noted in some animals with endoparasites and ectoparasitic infections. Differential blood counts of animals with the same symptoms or infection were highly diverse. Thus, they are not a reliable indicator of infection, nor is the animals’ response characteristic of the type of infection. |
