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Les je vse bolj zaželen material v sodobni gradnji. Je okolju prijazna, enostavno razgradljiva, obnovljiva in cenovno konkurenčna surovina. Zaradi visoke cene kvalitetnih vrst lesa, se uveljavljajo kompoziti materiali, katerih sestavina je tudi les in njegovi gradniki. Za ta namen lahko uporabimo slabše, cenovno ugodnejše vrste lesa, ter tako še dodatno prispevamo k boljšemu izkoristku lesne mase, in hkrati izboljšujemo bilanco izpustov CO2. Naravna lesna vlakna so podvržena delovanju lesnih škodljivcev, med katere sodijo tudi lesne glive. V raziskavi smo želeli ugotoviti odpornost različnih lignoceluloznih materialov na izbrane lesne glive: Antrodia vaillantii , Gloeophyllum trabeum, Serpula lacrymans, Hypoxylon fragiforme, Pleurotus ostreatus in Trametes versicolor. Vzorce smo pripravil iz različnih ploščnih kompozitov plošč in izolacij. Uporabili smo OSB ploščo, vezano ploščo, lesne polimerne kompozite, izolacijske plošče iz lesnih vlaken ter celulozno izolacijo za vpihovanje. Vzorce smo pripravili v skladu s priporočili standarda SIST EN 113, ki je namenjen za ugotavljanje odpornosti lesa proti lesnim glivam. Rezultati so pokazali, da je odpornost ligno-celuloznih materialov odvisna od vsebnosti lesa in njegovih gradnikov v njih. Najboljšo odpornost na testu so dosegli lesni kompozitni materiali, izolacija za vpihovanje in plošča OSB. Wood is becoming more and more frequently used a preferred material in modern construction applications. The predominant reasons for this are related to environmental friendliness, degradability (after the end of service life), competitive price and renewability. Because of the expensiveness of wood of the highest quality composite materials are used as substitutes. Wood composites are also a constituent of wood based buildings. Wood lower quality and of lower price can be utilized for composite production. Natural wood fibres are subjected to biological degradation by variety of wood pests including wood decay fungi. We determined performance of various lignocellulosic materials against wood decay fungi: Antrodia vaillantii, Gloeophyllum trabeum, Serpula lacrymans, Hypoxylon fragiforme, Pleurotus ostreatus, Trametes versicolor. The samples were prepared from different composite panels and insulation materials. We used OSB, plywood, 3 different wood plastics, insulation boards made of wood fibres and cellulose insulation for blowing. Samples were prepared according to standard EN 113, designed for determining the resistance of wood and wood based materials against wood decay fungi. The results show that resistance of ligno-cellulosic materials varies considerably. Wood plastic composites, cellulose insulation and OSB boards have the best resistance against fungi. |
