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V magistrskem delu smo preverjali spremembo geometrije deformabilne cevi iz oblaka točk terestričnega laserskega skeniranja. Sprva smo s terestričnim laserskim skenerjem opravili meritve v cevi ter nasutja zemljine nad cevjo. Opravljene meritve so predstavljale osnovo za izdelavo registriranega oblaka točk. Z namenom preverjanja spremembe geometrije cevi iz oblaka točk smo izdelali programsko opremo. Dimenzijo cevi smo določali na način, da smo oblaku točk cevi izravnali elipso po metodi najmanjših kvadratov. Izravnana elipsa je predstavljala parametre premera cevi v vertikalni in horizontalni smeri. Rezultate premera cevi smo nato analizirali na primeru cevi, ki ni vgrajena in prosto leži na terenu, ter na dveh primerih vgrajene cevi. Prvi primer vgrajene cevi je cev, ki je zasuta s predpisanim materialom, drugi primer pa je cev, ki je v celoti betonirana ter nato zasuta s predpisanim materialom. Iz oblaka točk, ki predstavlja nasutje zemljine nad cevjo, smo dobili podatke o višini nasutja. Le-ti so nam omogočali analizo vpliva višine nasutja na spremembo geometrije cevi. Poleg meritev s terestričnim laserskim skenerjem smo meritve premera v horizontalni in vertikalni smeri na začetku, sredini in koncu vsakega sklopa cevi opravili z ročnim laserskim razdaljemerom. Različna metoda izmere nam je služila za ugotavljanje razlik med obema metodama izmere premera cevi. Magistrsko delo predstavlja poglobljen pregled in ovrednotenje uporabe terestričnega laserskega skenerja za potrebe določanja spremembe geometrije cevi. In this master's thesis we examined the change in the geometry of a flexible pipe using terrestrial laser scanning point cloud data. Firstly, we carried out measurements in the pipe and the backfill above the pipe using the terrestrial laser scanner. Those measurements were the basis for making the registered point cloud. We made the software for the purpose of verifying the change in the geometry of the pipe from the point cloud data. The dimension of the pipe was determined by fitting an ellipse to the point cloud data using the method of least-squares. The fitted ellipse represented the parameters of the diameter of the pipe in the vertical and horizontal directions. The results of the diameter of the pipe were then analysed on the examples of a pipe that is not installed and is placed freely on the ground and two built-in pipes. The first example of a built-in pipe is a pipe that is backfilled with soil and the second one is a pipe that is sealed under concrete and then backfilled with soil. From the point cloud data representing the backfill soil above the pipe we obtained the data about the height of the backfill. This enabled us to analyse the impact the height of the backfill has on the deformation the pipe geometry. In addition to measuring with a terrestrial laser scanner, we measured the diameter in the horizontal and vertical directions at the beginning, middle and end of each section of the pipes using a handheld laser meter. Different measuring methods were used to determine the differences between pipe diameter measuring methods. This master’s thesis is a detailed examination and evaluation of the use of a terrestrial laser scanner for the purpose of determining the change in pipe geometry. |
