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Diplomska naloga se ukvarja s konceptom psihologije v filozofski misli Friedricha Nietzscheja, zato zadeva tako psihološko kot tudi fiziološko plat njegove filozofije. Nietzsche za temeljno težnjo živega organizma postavi težnjo po povečanju svojih moči. Ta zastavitev pomeni, da je občutek moči kot manifestacija te težnje v čutnosti prvotna oblika afekta in da so vsi ostali afekti le različni načini uobličenja prvotnega afekta moči. S tega vidika je ugodje opredeljeno kot simptom občutka dosežene moči – kot diferenčna zavest, kjer se občutek ugodja kaže kot spremljevalni pojav in ne kot gibalo bivajočega. V skladu s tem smo življenjsko moč prikazali in povezali glede na tri vidike – umetnost, sočutje in spomin, kjer smo umetnost predstavili kot tisto, ki stimulira in afirmira življenje, sočutje kot »praxis nihilizma«, ki deluje depresivno in nasprotuje toničnim afektom, pozabljivost pa kot tisto moč, brez katere sreča ne bi bila možna. Nadalje Nietzsche razume zavest kot instinktivno dejavnost, ki je v razmerju do telesa podrejena, pri tem pa celotno psihično delovanje misli kot mnogotere načine delujoče bojujoče se moči. Prav tako tudi samo doživljanje vidi s perspektive nagonov, kjer so fiziološki dražljaji prikazani kot tekst, preko katerega se zadovoljijo različni nagoni, kar pomeni, da je naše doživljanje predvsem interpretacija kot delo nezavednih nagonov. The diploma thesis deals with the concept of psychology in the philosophical thought of Friedrich Nietzsche, therefore it concerns the psychological as well as physiological part of his philosophy. According to Nietzsche, the fundamental strive of the living organism is to augment its power. This means that the feeling of power as a manifestation of this strive in sensuousness is a primitive form of affect and that all other affects are only different manners of developing that primitive affect. From this point of view pleasure is defined as a symptom of feeling of attained power – as a consciousness of a difference, where the feeling of pleasure is shown as an accompanying phenomenon and not as the motive of a being. From this point of view, we presented and connected the power of life in accordance with art, compassion and memory, where we presented art as that which stimulates and affirms life, compassion as the »praxis of nihilism«, which acts as a depressant and opposes tonic affects, and forgetfulness as the one power without which happiness couldn’t be possible. Further, Nietzsche understands the consciousness as an instinctive activity, which is subordinate to the body, and the whole psychological activity is thought as manifold manners of actively fighting power. He also sees the experience itself from the perspective of instincts, where physiological stimuli are shown as a text, through which different instincts are satisfied, which means that our experience is foremost an interpretation as a work of unconscious instincts. |
