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Na kulturno krajino vplivata dva procesa – človek s svojim poseganjem in narava, ko človek opusti svoje dejavnosti na določenem območju. Na zaraščanje kmetijskih zemljišč v Sloveniji, poleg razdrobljenosti kmetijskih zemljišč in težavnega reliefa, vpliva tudi neekonomičnost kmetijstva. Opuščanje kmetovanja in posledično zaraščanje kmetijskih zemljišč je ena od posledic upadanja dohodkov iz kmetijstva in vse težjega preživljanja z le temi dohodki. Tisti, ki kmetovanja ne želijo opustiti, se v okviru svojih preživitvenih strategij vse pogosteje odločajo za druge vire zaslužka. Dopolnilne dejavnosti zagotavljajo večji dohodek in izboljšujejo ekonomski položaj kmetij, prav tako pripomorejo k ohranjanju obdelanosti kmetijskih površin, ohranjanju kmetijske pridelave in kulturne krajine. V nalogi smo ugotavljali povezavo med organizacijo usposabljanj za dopolnilne dejavnosti na kmetijah in registracijo novih dopolnilnih dejavnosti. Zanimalo nas je, ali se kmetje prijavljajo na izobraževanja zaradi uvedbe dopolnilnih dejavnosti na kmetiji in kolikšen delež prijavljenih nato na kmetiji dejansko registrira dopolnilno dejavnost. Izvedeti smo želeli tudi, ali dopolnilne dejavnosti pripomorejo k ohranjanju kmetijske kulturne krajine, ohranjanju poselitve podeželja in kmetijske dejavnosti. Ugotovili smo, da se anketirani nosilci dopolnilnih dejavnosti izobraževanj v večini niso udeleževali specifično zaradi uvedbe dopolnilnih dejavnosti, prav tako tečaji niso vplivali na njihovo odločitev o uvedbi dopolnilnih dejavnosti na kmetiji. Je pa uvedba dopolnilnih dejavnosti vplivala na to, da so nosilci obdelovali vsaj toliko ali več kmetijskih zemljišč, kot bi jih sicer. Analiza rabe kmetijskih zemljišč in primerjava s številom kmetijskih gospodarstev z dopolnilnimi dejavnostmi kažeta, da večje število le-teh ugodno vpliva na ohranjanje kmetijstva in kulturne krajine. The cultural landscape is influenced by two processes - man with his intervention and nature when man abandons his activities in a certain area. In addition to the fragmentation of agricultural land and difficult terrain, the overgrowing of agricultural land in Slovenia is also affected by the uneconomical nature of agriculture. The abandonment of farming and the overgrowing of agricultural land is one of the consequences of declining agricultural incomes and increasingly difficult livelihoods with agricultural incomes alone. Those who do not want to give up farming are often choosing other sources of income as part of their livelihood strategies. Supplementary activities provide higher income and improve the economic position of farms, as well as help to maintain farmland, preserve agricultural production and the cultural landscape. The task was to determine the connection between the organization of training for supplementary activities on farms and the registration of new supplementary activities. We were interested whether farmers applied for training to introduce supplementary activities on the farm, and how many of those applying subsequently registered those activities on the farm. We also wanted to find out whether supplementary activities help to preserve the agricultural cultural landscape, rural settlements and agricultural activity. We found that the surveyed providers of supplementary activities did not participate in training specifically because of the introduction of supplementary activities, nor did the courses influence their decision to introduce those activities on the farm. However, the introduction of supplementary activities had the effect that the holders cultivated at least as much or more agricultural land as they otherwise would. |
