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Namen naše diplomske naloge je bil ugotoviti, kako se spreminja razvoj drobnih gibov pri 3- do 4-letnih otrocih, če nanj sistematično delujemo. Preučevali smo, na kakšen način in v kolikšni meri so se pokazale razlike med otroki, ki so bili deležni sistematičnega programa, v primerjavi s tistimi, ki takega programa niso bili deležni. Skladno s teoretičnimi izhodišči smo predpostavljali, da bo večji napredek zaznan pri dekletih, zato smo skupine primerjali tudi po spolu. V vzorec smo zajel 38 otrok, starih 3–4 leta iz vrtca Čebelica Šentjernej. Eksperimentalno skupino je sestavljalo 19 otrok iz skupine Čarobni bobenček, kontrolno skupino pa 19 otrok skupine Zvezdno nebo. Obe skupini smo testirali s prilagojenim testom merjenja drobnih gibov NLPV (nizanje luknjičastih predmetov na vrvico). Po začetnem testu je bila eksperimentalna skupina deležna 10 pripravljenih sistematičnih dejavnosti, ki so bile izvedene dvakrat tedensko preko skrbno izbranih igralnih situacij z namenom stopnjevanja in izboljšanja drobnih gibov. Kontrolna skupina ni bila deležna teh dejavnosti. Po petih tednih smo z obema skupinama (eksperimentalno in kontrolno) ponovili začetni test NLPV. Dobljeni rezultati so pokazali, da je napredek eksperimentalne skupine po pettedenskem izvajanju oz. 10 sistematično pripravljanjih dejavnosti skoraj petkrat večji od napredka kontrolne skupine. Sklenemo, da se razvoj drobnih gibov izboljšuje po 10 sistematično zastavljenih nalogah. Kljub temu da so bile razlike med dečki in deklicami za skoraj 23 sekund v prid slednjim, pa t-test ni pokazal, da bi te razlike bile statistično značilne (t vrednost = 1,21 (df) 16 , p < 0,241). Development of Small Movements in Three- to Four-Year-Old Children The aim of this paper was to determine how the development of small movements in three- to four-year-old children changes if influenced systematically. We studied in what way and to what extent differences were shown in children participating in the systematic programme compared to those not participating in the programme. In compliance with theoretical findings, we presumed that greater progress would be observed in girls, so the groups were also compared in terms of sex. Our sample comprised 38 children aged between three and four years from the Čebelica (Little Bee) Preschool in Šentjernej. The experimental group consisted of 19 children from the group Čarobni bobenček (Magical Drum), and the control group comprised 19 children from the group Zvezdno nebo (Starry Sky). Both groups were tested using an adjusted test to measure small movements by putting perforated objects on a string. Following the initial test, the experimental group participated in ten prepared systematic activities performed twice a week through carefully selected game situations, with the aim to make more advanced and improve their small movements. The control group did not participate in these activities. After five weeks, both groups (the experimental and the control groups) retook the initial test of putting perforated objects on a string. The obtained results showed that, following a five-week implementation and ten systematically prepared activities, the progress of the experimental group was almost five times greater than the progress of the control group. We conclude that the development of small movements improves after ten systematically prepared activities. Even though the differences between boys and girls were considerable, as the girls were faster by 23 seconds, the t-test did not show statistical significance of these differences (t-value = 1.21 (df) 16 , p < 0.241). |
