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Poraba energije je največja stroškovna postavka v katerikoli industrijski panogi. Energetska učinkovitost stavb in uporaba inovativnih materialov so ključnega pomena pri sodobni gradnji hiš. Cena hiše zavisi v veliki meri tudi od njene energetske izkaznice. Na območju Kamne Gorice je bil sprejet OPPN, kjer se gradi kompleks 25 stanovanjskih hiš. Ciljna energijska učinkovitost posamezne hiše v Kamni Gorici je bila poraba energije za ogrevanje pod 15 kWh/(m2), osebni izziv pa je bil doseči vrednosti pod 10 kWh/(m2). Ukrepi, s katerimi smo znižali rabo energije, so bili: povečanje debeline toplotne izolacije pod temeljno ploščo, vgradnja izolacije z manjšo toplotno prevodnostjo v stene ter večja debelina toplotne izolacije strehe. V okviru diplomske naloge smo izmerili toplotne lastnosti različnih izolativnih materialov pri sobni temperaturi, in sicer toplotno prevodnost, specifično toploto in temperaturno prevodnost. Meritve so bile izvedene z metodo tranzientnega planarnega toplotnega vira na napravi TPS Hot Disk 2200, proizvajalca Hot disk AB, po standardu ISO 22007-2. V diplomskem delu smo opisali najbolj uporabljane metode merjenja toplotnih lastnosti, različne definicije toplotnih lastnosti, postopek izdelave različnih izolativnih materialov, naredili smo tudi računsko primerjavo toplotne prevodnosti fasade z izolacijo steklene volne in stiroporja z enako debelino izolativnega materiala. Energy consumption is the highest cost item in any industry branche. Energy efficiency of buildings and the use of innovative materials are crucial in modern house construction. The price of a house also depends on its energy certificate. In the area of Kamna Gorica, the OPPN was adopted, where we are building a complex of 25 residential houses. The target energy efficiency of an individual house in Kamna Gorica was the use of energy for heating below 15 kWh / (m²), and the personal challenge was to reach values below 10 kWh / (m²). Measures to reduce energy consumption were: increasing the thickness of thermal insulation under the foundation slab, installing insulation with lower thermal conductivity in the walls and increasing the thickness of thermal insulation of the roof. As part of the diploma work, we measured the thermal properties of various insulating materials at room temperature, namely thermal conductivity, specific heat and thermal conductivity. The measurements were performed using the method of transient planar heat source on the device TPS Hot Disk 2200, manufactured by Hot disk AB, according to ISO 22007-2. We also made a computational comparison of the thermal conductivity of the facade with insulation of glass wool and styrofoam with the same thickness of insulating material. |
