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Namen diplomskega dela je predstaviti šest tedenski program vadbe z obtežitvami okončin, s katerim smo preverili vpliv vadbe na nekatere gibalne sposobnosti. Kondicijska priprava je poleg tehnike in taktike ključnega pomena za učinkovitost in uspešnost v športu. Predstavljena borilna veščina aikido je služila kot trenažni pristop pri preizkušanju vadbe v oteženih okoliščinah. Vadba zajema kompleksne gibalne akcije celega telesa, kjer so zajete vse ravnine in smeri. To predstavlja zahtevno okolje za uporabo prototipnega pripomočka, katerega namen je povečati vzdržljivost tako mišičnega kot srčno-žilnega in dihalnega sistema, pri načrtu priprave športnikov v njihovi osnovni panogi. Najprej smo zasnovali program vadbe pri borilni veščini aikido, ga uresničili, nato pa primerjali napredek vadečih glede na uporabo pripomočka za obtežitev okončin. Analizirali smo dobljene rezultate in jih interpretirali, samih hipotez nismo uspeli potrditi, vendar smo iz rezultatov določena odstopanja poskušali pojasniti. Vadba z obtežitvami okončin je verjetno bolj vplivala na gibalno sposobnost moč in sposobnosti, ki so z močjo posredno povezane (koordinacija, gibljivost, ravnotežje), medtem ko pri obravnavi vzdržljivosti, kot gibalne sposobnosti, dodatna obtežitev ni pokazala takšnega napredka. Izvedena raziskava je bila omejena z majhnim številom merjencev, zato naj velja le kot možen vpogled na prilagoditev organizma v izbranih okoliščinah. Diplomska naloga je monografskega tipa z deskriptivno metodo ter dodanim raziskovalnim vložkom pilotske študije. Uporabljena je strokovna literatura, spletna literatura, izmenjava mnenj in izkušenj trenerjev, sovadečih ter lastne izkušnje. Purpose of this thesis is to present a six week training plan with weighted extremities, with which we tested the influence of exercise on some motor abilities. Fitness periodization is, in addition to technique and tactics, of key importance for efficiency and sport performance. The presented martial art of aikido was used for the training approach in testing exercise in difficult circumstances. This type of exercise includes complex movements of the entire body, that is why it presents demanding conditions for the use of a prototype equipment, the purpose of which was to increase endurance of muscular, cardio-vascular and respiratory system in the preparation of athletes in their primary sport. First, we designed a training plan for the martial art of aikido, realized it, and then compared the progress of aikidokas with regard to use of the weighted extremities equipment. We analyzed the results and interpreted them, while we could not confirm the hypotheses, we tried to explain certain deviations of the results. Training with weighted extremities was probably more likely to influence the physical strength and skills that correlate with strength (coordination, flexibility, balance), while the extra weight did not influence the progress in endurance as a physical ability. The research was limited to a small number of test subjects, so it should only be considered as a possible insight into the adaptation of human body in such conditions. The thesis is of a monographic type with a descriptive method and additional research pilot study. We used the expert literature, online literature, exchange of opinions and experience of trainers, co-aikidokas and own experience. |
