| Popis: |
Problem: V današnjem času se vedno bolj soočamo s problemom staranja prebivalstva, ki mu ne posvečamo dovolj pozornosti. Bivalno okolje pogosto ni ustrezno prilagojeno bivanju v starosti, zato starostnik, kljub želji, ne more ostati v domačem okolju. Skladno z Gradbenim zakonom 2017 (Ur. L. RS, št. 61/17) je univerzalna graditev in uporaba objekta ena izmed bistvenih zahtev, ki jo mora izpolniti objekt, glede na namen, vrsto, velikost, zmogljivost, predvidene vplive in druge značilnosti. Namen in metoda: Diplomska naloga obravnava enodružinsko hišo v začetku 5. gradbene faze (potrebna je oprema in zaključna dela), ter stanovanje, ki je že izdelano »na ključ«, torej z zaključeno 5. gradbeno fazo in primerno za bivanje. Hišo smo prilagodili za gibalno ovirano (oseba na invalidskem vozičku) in starejšo osebo, medtem, ko smo stanovanje obravnavali z vidika gibalno ovirane osebe, kjer smo upoštevali prilagoditev za osebo na invalidskem vozičku, ki biva v stanovanju. Skladno z zahtevami in priporočili univerzalnega načrtovanja smo ocenili ali stavba v fazi projektiranja in uporabe omogoča dostopnost uporabnikom v vseh življenjskih obdobjih. Ker je stanovanje že dokončano, smo lahko ocenili dejansko stanje in predlagali izboljšave. Hišo smo opremili po zahtevah in priporočilih, ki veljajo za tovrstne stavbe. Vse ocene in prilagoditve smo izvedli na podlagi zakonskih zahtev (Gradbeni zakon 2017, Ur. L. RS, št. 61/17), priporočil, primerov iz prakse ter ogledom dejanskega stanja. Rezultati: Na osnovi nabora zakonskih zahtev, priporočil, smernic, strokovnih izkušenj ter ostale literature in ogledom dejanskega stanja obeh objektov, smo izdelali načrt opreme (hiša), ter predlagali izboljšave (hiša, stanovanje). Pri hiši smo predlagali ureditev okolice, notranji del smo popolnoma prilagodili zahtevam in priporočilom. Za izris postavitve prostorov in notranjih elementov smo uporabili program Room Sketcher, ki omogoča dober prikaz v 3D in izris tlorisa objekta. Pri stanovanju, smo dejansko stanje ocenili in kasneje predlagali ustrezne izboljšave. Zaključki: Na podlagi vseh naštetih virov in pristopov, je takšna ocena in idejna zasnova prostorov z manjšimi prilagoditvami, lahko uporabna za vse stanovanjske stavbe, ne glede na oviranost in starost stanovalcev v njej, kar je tudi cilj diplomske naloge. Pri obravnavi hiše smo imeli največ težav z ustreznim dostopom katerega smo kasneje prilagodili. Pri stanovanju menimo, da je bila najbolj kritična kopalnica, predvsem prostor pod umivalnikom. Ugotovitve diplomske naloge imajo veliko uporabno vrednost, so priporočilo in zgled za načrtovanje stavb v prihodnosti. Problem: In today's world, we are increasingly facing the problem of an aging population to which we do not pay enough attention. Our living environment are not adequately adapted for living in old age, so most people, despite their great desire, cannot stay in their home environment for long. In accordance with the Construction Act 2017 (Official Gazette of the Republic of Slovenia, No. 61/17), the universal design and use of a building is one of the essential requirements that a building must meet in terms of purpose, type, size, capacity, anticipated impacts and other characteristics of the facility and other requirements. Purpose and method: The diploma thesis deals with a single-family house at the beginning of the 5th construction phase (interior and finishing works required), and an apartment that is already made with the completion of the 5th construction phase and suitable for living. We adapted the house for the disabled (person in a wheelchair) or. an elderly person, while we adapted the apartment only for a person with reduced mobility, taking into account the adjustment for a person in a wheelchair who actually lives in this apartment. In accordance with the requirements and recommendations of universal design, we assessed whether the facility in the design and use phase provides accessibility to users at all periods of life. Since the apartment is already completed, we were able to assess the actual situation and suggest improvements. We equipped the house according to the requirements and recommendations that apply to such facilities. All assessments and adjustments were made on the basis of legal requirements (Construction Act 2017, Ur. L. RS, No. 61/17), recommendations, examples from practice and a review of the actual state. Results: Based on the laws, recommendations, guidelines, reviewed literature, experience and a review of the actual situation regarding the facilities, we made a plan of the equipment on the one hand, and proposed improvements on the other hand. At the house, we proposed an arrangement around the house and the interior was completely adapted to the requirements. To draw the layout of rooms and interior elements, we used the program “Room Sketcher”, which allows a good display in 3D and drawing of the floor plan of the building itself. In the apartment we assessed the situation and later suggest appropriate improvements. Conclusions: Based on all the listed sources and approaches, such an assessment and conceptual design of premises is usable in addition with minor adjustments for all residential buildings, regardless of the disability and age of the residents in it which is also the goal of the thesis. In dealing with this, we had the most difficulty with proper access, which we later adjusted. In the apartment, however, we believe that the most critical was the bathroom, especially the space under the sink. Such a theme serves us as a recommendation and example for design of buildings in the future. |
