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Tehnološki napredek in razvoj umetne inteligence je danes viden že na vseh področjih našega življenja, svoj vzpon pa doživlja tudi v humanitarnem sektorju. Umetna inteligenca lahko, če je uporabljena primerno in pravilno, izboljša in olajša delo ljudi. Potrebno pa je poiskati ravnovesje med človekovimi pravicami in tehnološkim razvojem ter v ospredje postaviti človeški element. Ker delo humanitarnih organizacij temelji na medčloveških odnosih, mora biti »vdor« tehnologije in avtomatizacije v tako občutljive medčloveške odnose premišljen in etičen. V humanitarnem sektorju se na nekaterih področjih umetna inteligenca že uporablja, in sicer pri napovedovanju oziroma odkrivanju kriznih situacij, pri odzivanju na krizne oziroma konfliktne situacije in okrevanju po teh. Zagotovo obstajajo številne prednosti vključitve umetne inteligence v humanitarni sektorj, pa tudi tveganja, zato je treba zagotoviti, da se že tako prizadetega prebivalstva, ki potrebuje humaitarno pomoč, ne izpostavlja še drugim izzivom, tveganjem in kršitvam človekovih pravic. Zaradi navedenega morajo humanitarne organizacije razumeti in uporabiti najboljše načine in orodja za prepoznavo morebitnih tveganj ter biti sposobne določiti, kdaj in na kakšen način je primerno uporabiti to zmogljivo tehnologijo. Na tem področju je zato potrebno ustvariti dokument zavezujočih pravil uporabe umetne inteligence, ki temelji na že obstoječih pravilih mednarodnega humanitarnega prava in je dopolnjen z etičnimi načeli, ki bi bila hkrati dovolj široka, da bi jih lahko razlagali kot smernice tudi v novih, še nepredvidenih situacijah, vendar hkrati dovolj specifična, da so uporabna pri vsakodnevnem delu humanitarnih organizacij. Technological progress and the development of artificial intelligence is already seen in all areas of our lives and it is also experiencing its rise in the humanitarian sector. Artificial intelligence, if used appropriately and correctly, can improve and facilitate the work of humans. However, it is necessary to find a balance between human rights and technological development and put the human element in the foreground. Since the work of humanitarian organizations is based on interpersonal relationships, the "intrusion" of technology and automation into such sensitive interpersonal relationships, should be thoughtful and ethical. Artificial intelligence is already being used in some areas of humanitarian sector, namely in predicting or detecting crisis situations, responding to crisis or conflict situations and recovering from them. There are certainly many benefits to incorporating artificial intelligence into the humanitarian sector, as well as risks. Hence, it is necessary to ensure that the already affected population in need of humanitarian aid, is not exposed to further challenges, risks and human rights violations. Because of this, humanitarian organizations must understand and use the best ways and tools to identify potential risks and be able to determine when and how it is appropriate to use this powerful technology. In this area, it is therefore necessary to create a document of binding rules for the use of artificial intelligence, based on already existing rules of international humanitarian law and supplemented by ethical principles, which should at the same time be broad enough to be interpreted as guidelines even in new, and yet unforeseen situations, but at the same time specific enough to be useful in the daily work of humanitarian organizations. |
