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Uvod: Babiška nega v zdravstvenem sistemu obravnava ženske med nosečnostjo, porodom, poporodnim obdobjem ter novorojenčka in dojenčka s ciljem, da se ohrani oziroma doseže najboljše zdravje, posega pa tudi na področje ginekologije in načrtovanja družine. Klinične poti je mogoče opredeliti kot dokumentirano zaporedje kliničnih posegov, umeščeno v ustrezen časovni okvir, ki ga je napisala in odobrila multidisciplinarna ekipa. Pomagajo pacientu s specifičnim stanjem ali diagnozo pri postopnem premikanju skozi klinično obravnavo do želenega izida. Klinične poti predstavljajo idealne poti pacientov. Navajajo določeno zaporedje zdravstvene obravnave, ki jo tudi dokumentirajo. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil pregledati literaturo in se usmeriti na to, kakšna je vloga babice pri izvajanju kakovostne babiške nege v porodni sobi s pomočjo klinične poti. Metode dela: Uporabljena je bila deskriptivna metoda dela s kvalitativnim pristopom pregleda domače in tuje strokovne literature v obdobju od 2012 do 2022. Rezultati: V pregled literature je bilo vključenih šest člankov. Babice s svojim širokim spektrom znanja, s kompetencami in veščinami skrbijo za starše in novorojenčka. Cilj klinične poti je podpreti babice pri spodbujanju fiziološkega poroda, s končnim namenom zmanjšanja nepotrebnih porodniških posegov, pomaga k babiškemu pristopu s podpiranjem fiziološkega poroda, manj dokumentacije in zagotavlja podporo diplomiranim babicam pri sprejemanju kliničnih odločitev. Klinična pot za normalen porod vodi izvajalca babiške nege/babico pri obravnavi zdrave nosečnice, zdrave porodnice z zdravim novorojenčkom, s fiziološkim poporodnim potekom in omogoča prepoznavo zapletov. V vsakem koraku je možen izstop iz klinične poti za normalen porod v intenzivnejšo zdravstveno obravnavo. Razprava in zaključek: Klinične poti so lahko osredotočene na specifične perinatalne epizode, kot je poporodna obravnava ali popolna babiška obravnava od sprejema do odpusta. Porod je zapleten, večplasten dogodek s kompleksnimi rezultati. Klinične poti v porodni sobi povečujejo zaupanja babic v podporo normalnemu porodu in legitimizacijo običajnega babiškega pristopa k porodu. S klinično potjo babice dobijo občutek, da imajo svobodo pri babiški obravnavi, zato je prisoten občutek večjega zaupanja, zlasti pri mladih diplomiranih babicah. Introduction: Midwifery care in the health care system treats women during pregnancy, childbirth, the postpartum period, and newborns and babies with the goal of maintaining or achieving the best health, and also intervenes in the field of gynecology and family planning. Clinical pathways can be defined as a documented sequence of clinical interventions, placed in an appropriate time frame, written and approved by a multidisciplinary team. They help a patient with a specific condition or diagnosis move step by step through clinical management to a desired outcome. Clinical pathways represent ideal patient pathways. They indicate a certain sequence of medical treatment, which they also document. Purpose: The purpose of the thesis was to review the literature and focus on the role of the midwife in the implementation of quality midwifery care in the delivery room with the help of the clinical pathway. Work methods: A descriptive work method was used with a qualitative approach of reviewing domestic and foreign professional literature in the period from 2012 to 2022. Results: Six articles were included in the literature review. Midwives take care of parents and newborns with their wide spectrum of knowledge, competences and skills. The goal of the clinical pathway is to support midwives in promoting physiological birth, with the ultimate aim of reducing unnecessary obstetric interventions, it helps the midwifery approach by supporting physiological birth, less documentation and provides support to graduate midwives in making clinical decisions. The clinical pathway for a normal birth guides the midwife/midwife in dealing with a healthy pregnant woman, a healthy woman in labor with a healthy newborn, with a physiological postpartum course and enables the recognition of complications. At each step, it is possible to leave the clinical path for a normal birth to a more intensive medical treatment. Discussion and conclusion: Clinical pathways can be focused on specific perinatal episodes, such as postnatal care or full midwifery care from admission to discharge. Childbirth is a complex, multifaceted event with complex outcomes. Clinical pathways in the delivery room increase midwives' confidence in supporting normal birth and legitimizing the normal midwifery approach to birth. Through the clinical pathway, midwives get the feeling that they have freedom in midwifery, so there is a sense of greater trust, especially among young graduate midwives. |
