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Zaključna seminarska naloga se dotika slovenskih izseljencev v Argentini, kamor so se izseljevali v času pred prvo svetovno vojno, med obema vojnama in po drugi svetovni vojni. Razlogi, da je Slovenec zapustil domovino in odšel daleč preko Atlantskega oceana, so bili sprva ekonomski, saj je na slovenskem ozemlju nastopila kriza, ki je ljudi spravila v težek položaj. Med vojnama so se poleg ekonomskih razlogov pojavili tudi politični razlogi za izselitev iz slovenskega etničnega ozemlja, najbolj znane migracije pa so bile po drugi svetovni vojni. Takrat so se v begunstvo podali pripadniki domobrancev in tudi ostali nasprotniki komunizma, saj se po znanem izteku vojne v slovenski deželi niso počutili varno, Argentina pa je potrebovala delovno silo in je priseljence sprejela z odprtimi rokami. V novi deželi so z namenom, da bi ohranili stike med seboj in še posebej, da bi ohranjali slovenski jezik, kulturo in tradicijo, ustanavljali številna društva in domove. Največ jih je v Buenos Airesu, nekatera pa so tudi drugod po Argentini in med njimi je čutiti razliko v tem, koliko je tam ohranjen slovenski jezik. Ta društva so ustanavljala in vodila osnovne šole, v katerih so se otroci, ki so bili rojeni v Argentini, lahko poleg domačega okolja naučili slovenskih besed, pesmi, iger itd. V svoji nalogi sem v ta namen predstavil nekatera društva, domove in šole, ki se še dandanes trudijo na ta način ohranjati slovensko identiteto. This thesis addresses slovenian emmigration to Argentina in different periods- namely before WW1, between wars, as well as after WW2. Main reason for emigration at the start was economic hardship due to the economic crisis that brought many people into vulnerable situations. Between the wars, and especially after WW2, economic reasons were followed by political situations. After WW2 many members of Slovene Homeguard units, as well as other people feeling threatened by communism arrived. Argentina needed a fresh workforce and welcomed immigration. Slovenians in Argentina started incorporating many associations and institutions for several reasons- to keep in touch, as well as to upkeep Slovenian language. Most of these associations are in Buenos Aires, several also in other parts of the country- with different membership numbers, as well as with different levels of knowledge of Slovenian language. These associations also founded schools in which children of the immigrants were able to learn Slovenian words, songs, games, etc. In this thesys I tried to present a few of these associations, institutions and schools, which are trying to upkeep Slovenian identity up to the present time. |
