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Zaključna naloga obravnava prisotnost napak med varjenjem po postopku MAG v različnih legah varjenja ter možnosti odkrivanja z različnimi metodami neporušnih preiskav. V eksperimentalnem delu smo zavarili dva vzorca po MAG postopku, enega v vodoravnem položaju, drugega v navpičnem in nato vzorce pregledali s tremi neporušnimi metodami. Osredotočili smo se na vizualno kontrolo, kontrolo z magnetnimi delci in ultrazvočno kontrolo. Vizualna kontrola je bila izvedena skladno s standardom SIST EN ISO 5817:2014. Ob tem je najbolj izstopala neprevarjenost korena v prvem poskusu v položaju PF (varjeno navpično navzgor). Hkrati so rezultati potrdili, da noben od preizkušancev ne dosega stopnje sprejemljivosti B po standardu. Magnetna kontrola zvarnih spojev (izvedena po standardu SIST EN ISO 23278:2015) je potrdila doseganje zahtevane stopnje 2, z dodatno odkrito indikacijo razpoke v žrelcu dolžine 5 mm. Najugodnejše rezultate smo dosegli z uporabo ultrazvočne kontrole, ki je bila izvedena skladno s standardom SIST EN ISO 11666:2018. V tem primeru so bile vse indikacije pod mejo opazovanja, kar je pomenilo da nobene od indikacij nismo mogli označiti kot napako. Rezultati opravljenih analiz potrjujejo visoko uporabnost ne le v tehnološkem smislu, ampak tudi kot orodje za nadaljnje ekonomske raziskave v smislu produktivnosti in večje ekonomičnosti. This thesis investigates the presence of defects during MAG welding in different welding positions and possibilities of detection by different methods of non-destructive testing. In the experimental part, two samples were welded using MAG procedure, one in the horizontal position and the other in vertical position, and then the samples were examined by three non-destructive methods. We focused on visual inspection, magnetic particle testing and ultrasonic inspection. The visual inspection was carried out in accordance with SIST EN ISO 5817:2014. The most notable indication was the root failure in the first attempt in PF position (welded verticaly up). Together with this, the results confirmed that none of the samples achieved the acceptance level B according to used standard. Magnetic particle test of the welded joints (carried out according to SIST EN ISO 23278:2015) confirmed that samples achieved the required level 2, with addidional indication of a 5 mm long crack in the crater. The most optimal results were obtained using ultrasonic inspection, which was carried out in accordance with SIST EN ISO 11666:2018. In this case all indications were below the recording level, which meant that none of the indications could be marked as defects. The results of the analyses carried out confirm the high applicability not only in technological terms but also as a tool for further economic research in terms of productivity and increased cost efficiency. |
