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Uvod: Za izdelavo ortoz in protez pogosto uporabljamo plastiko in polimerne kompozite z ogljikovimi vlakni. V današnjem času pa so zaradi vse večjega povpraševanja po okolju prijaznih materialih in želji po znižanju cen kompozitnih materialov raziskovalci začeli posvečati pozornost naravnim vlaknom in matricam naravnega izvora. Namen: Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil prepoznati in preučiti materiale na naravni osnovi, ki se uporabljajo pri izdelavi ortoz in protez. Metode dela: Za pisanje diplomskega dela je bila uporabljena deskriptivna metoda za iskanje domače in tuje internetne literature. Zbrano literaturo, ki je v angleškem jeziku smo iskali v različnih podatkovnih bazah kot so Science Direct, PubMed, Google Schoolar in Cochrane Library. Rezultati: Uporaba materialov iz naravnih virov se je po vsem svetu povečala zaradi okoljskih vidikov in gospodarskih koristi v primerjavi z uporabo neobnovljivih virov. Prednosti kompozitov iz naravnih vlaken so večja elastičnost, biološka razgradljivost, prijaznost do okolja in cenovne ugodnosti, izkazujejo pa tudi veliko trdnost, togost in korozijsko odpornost. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi študij smo ugotovili, da so naravna vlakna primerna za izdelavo protetičnih pripomočkov, saj zadostujejo vsem potrebnim kriterijem v ortotiki in protetiki. Če je ležišče izdelano iz naravnih materialov kot so kenaf, bambus, juta in ostala naravna vlakna, je okolju prijazno in hkrati povzroča človeškemu telesu manj alergij, povezanih z umetno izdelanimi materiali. Introduction: Plastic and polymer composites with carbon fibers are often used to make orthoses and prostheses. Nowadays, however, due to the increasing demand for environmentally friendly materials and the desire to reduce the price of composite materials, researchers have begun to pay attention to natural fiber and matrix of natural origin. Purpose: The main purpose of the thesis was to identify and study the natural materials used in the manufacture of orthoses and prostheses. Methods: A descriptive method for searching home and foreign internet literature was used to write the thesis. The collected literature, which is in English, was searched in various databases such as Science Direct, PubMed, Google Scholar and Cochrane Library. Results: The use of materials from natural resources has increased worldwide due to environmental considerations and economic benefits, compared to the use of non-renewable resources. The advantages of natural fiber composites are greater elasticity, biodegradability, environmental friendliness and cost benefits, but they also exhibit great strength, stiffness and corrosion resistance Discussion and conclusion: On the basis of studies, we found that natural fibers are suitable for the production of prosthetic devices, as they meet all the requirements needed in orthotics and prosthetics. If the bed is made of natural materials, such as kenaf, bamboo, jute and other natural fibers, it is environmentally friendly and at the same time causes fewer artificially produced materials connected allergies to the human body. |
