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Uvod: Fibromialgija je kronična kompleksna motnja, za katero je značilno pojavljanje kronične razpršene mišično-kostne bolečine, povezane s simptomi, kot so utrujenost, depresija, tesnoba in motnje spanja. Zaradi nejasnih in splošnih simptomov je lahko diagnoza pogosto spregledana ali napačna. Obvladovanje fibromialgije zahteva individualiziran pristop, ki temelji na kombinaciji farmakološke terapije in različnih oblik nefarmakološkega zdravljenja, med katerimi je najbolj priporočena hidroterapija. V vodi se lahko izvajajo številne dejavnosti, ki vplivajo na zmanjšanje bolečin in izboljšanje cirkulacije, mišične zmogljivosti, gibljivosti sklepov in psihološkega stanja. Namen: Namen diplomskega dela je bil na podlagi pregleda literature predstaviti učinke hidroterapije pri osebah s fibromialgijo. Metode dela: Literaturo, objavljeno med letoma 2005 in 2020, smo iskali v podatkovnih zbirkah PEDro in PubMed. Rezultati: V analizo smo vključili osem člankov, prosto dostopnih v polnem besedilu. V petih raziskavah so hidroterapijo primerjali z drugimi nefarmakološkimi pristopi, v ostalih treh pa s kontrolno skupino brez kakršnihkoli aktivnosti. Avtorji so z uporabo različnih merilnih orodij zaznali pomembno zmanjšanje vpliva fibromialgije na kakovost življenja, olajšanje bolečin, simptomov depresije in anksioznosti ter izboljšanje funkcijske sposobnosti. Razprava in zaključek: Na podlagi pregleda literature lahko sklenemo, da je hidroterapija učinkovit pristop pri lajšanju simptomov in s tem pri obvladovanju fibromialgije. Introduction: Fibromyalgia is a chronic, complex disorder characterized by chronic, diffuse musculoskeletal pain associated with symptoms such as fatigue, depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. Because of the vague and common symptoms, the condition is often misdiagnosed. Fibromyalgia treatment requires an individualized approach based on a combination of pharmacological therapy and non-pharmacological approaches, of which hydrotherapy is the most recommended. Numerous activities can be performed in water to reduce pain and improve circulation, muscle performance, joint mobility and psychological state. Purpose: The purpose of this paper was to present the effects of hydrotherapy in subjects with fibromyalgia, based on a literature review. Methods: Literature published between 2005 and 2020 was searched in the PEDro and PubMed databases. Results: Eight free full-text articles were included in the analysis. Five studies compared hydrotherapy with other non-pharmacological approaches, and the other three compared hydrotherapy with a control group without any activity. The authors used various measurement tools and found a significant reduction in the impact of fibromyalgia on quality of life, relief of pain and symptoms of depression and anxiety, and improvement in functional capacity. Discussion and Conclusion: Based on a review of the literature, we can conclude that hydrotherapy is an effective approach to relieve symptoms and thus treat fibromyalgia. |
