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Kanadska in orjaška zlata rozga spadata med tujerodne invazivne rastline, ki sta že močno razširjeni v Sloveniji. S hitrim razmnoževanjem krčita naravno okolje za avtohtone rastline na območju Slovenije, zato se že izvajajo ukrepi za zajezitev njune rasti. Zlata rozga vsebuje barvila iz skupine flavonoidov, ki so primerna za barvanje tekstilnih vlaken. Za barvanje so primerni tako cvetovi in listi kot tudi steblo rastline. V okviru raziskave je bila proučevana obarvljivost pletiva iz poliamida 6 (PA6) z naravnim barvilom, pridobljenim iz vodnega ekstrakta posušenih listov rastline zlate rozge. Barvanje je bilo izvedeno v vodni raztopini ekstrakta pri štirih različnih temperaturah barvanja, in sicer 80, 90, 100 in 110 °C, in dveh koncentracijah barvila, in sicer c0 in c1, pridobljenega iz vodnega ekstrakta 80 g/l (c0) in 13,3 g/l (c1) posušenih listov zlate rozge. Barvanje je bilo izvedeno brez predhodnega čimžanja pletiva in s čimžanjem pletiva z uporabo dveh kovinskih soli, tj. kalijevim aluminijevim sulfatom dodekahidratom KAl(SO4)2 x 12H2O in železovim sulfatom heptahidratom (FeSO4 x 7H2O). Proučevan je bil vpliv temperature barvanja, koncentracije barvila in kovinske soli na obarvljivost pletiva z barvilom zlate rozge. Barva obarvanih vzorcev pletiva je bila spektrofotometrično ovrednotena z uporabo barvnega sistema CIELAB. Na obarvanih vzorcih je bila testirana barvna obstojnost pri pranju, drgnjenju in na svetlobi v skladu z veljavnimi standardi SIST EN ISO, in to je bilo tudi vizualno ocenjeno. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali, da je barvilo, ekstrahirano iz posušenih listov zlate rozge, primerno za barvanje pletiva PA6. Barvni ton pobarvanih vzorcev je odvisen od koncentracije barvila, temperature barvanja in uporabe kovinske soli. V splošnem imajo pobarvani vzorci odlično barvno obstojnost na suho in mokro drgnjenje, dobre do zelo dobre obstojnosti na pranje in slabe do zelo slabe obstojnosti na svetlobi, z izjemo dveh vzorcev, katerih vrednosti po modri skali sta 7 in 8. Rezultati raziskave kažejo, da je uporaba proučevanega barvila lahko primerna za tekstilne izdelke iz PA6, ki niso dalj časa izpostavljeni neposredni sončni svetlobi. Canadian and giant goldenrod belong to invasive alien plants that are already spread in Slovenia therefore measures are already being taken to control their spreading, which could cause, due to their rapid reproduction, a reduction of natural environment for indigenous plants that thrive in Slovenia. Goldenrod contains dyes from the group of flavonoides, which are suitable for dyeing of textile fibres. The flowers, leaves and steam of the goldenrod plant are suitable for dyeing. In the research the dyeing of polyamide 6 (PA6) knitwear with natural dye, obtained from aqueous extract of dryed leaves of goldenrod plant were studied. Dyeing is performed at four dyeing temperatures (80, 90, 100 and 110 °C), two concentrations of dye (c0 and c1, and namely, c0 and c1 obtained from an aqueous extract of 80 g/l (c0) and 13,3 g/l (c1) of dried goldenrod leaves). Without mordanting and with mordanting of fabric prior to dyeing with two metal salts, namely sodium aluminium sulfate dodecahydrate (KAl (SO4)2 x 12H2O) and ferrous sulfate heptahydrate (FeSO4 x 7H2O). The influence of dyeing temperature, dye concentration and metal salt on dyebility of PA6 knitwear with goldenrod dye is studied. The colour of dyed sample was spectrophotometrically evaluated using CIELAB colour space. Colour fastness to washing, rubbing and artificial light of dyed samples, were tested and visually evaluated using valid SIST EN ISO standards. The results of the research showed that the dye, extracted from dryed leaves of goldenrod dye is appropriate for dyeing of PA6 knitwear. The colour of samples is dependent on dye concentration, dyeing temperature and the use of metal salt. In general, the dyed samples had good to very good colour fastness to washing, an excellent colour fastness to dry and wet rubbing, and poor to very poor colour fastness to light, with the exception of two samples, having colour fastness to light 7 and 8 using blue wool scale. The results showed that the use of studied dye could be suitable for textile product of PA6 that are not exposed to direct sunlight for a long time. |
