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Danes se po svetu dnevno opravlja na milijone prevozov, kjer imata glavno vlogo transport in logistika. Pri tem je najbolj pomembno zagotoviti varnost ljudi in tovora, zaradi česar so bili v svetu sprejeti različni pravni dokumenti, ki so jih prevozniki dolžni upoštevati. Posebno zahtevna je organizacija prevoza izrednega tovora, ki lahko potuje po kopenski (cesti, železnici), pomorski ali zračni poti. V diplomski nalogi je poudarek na organizaciji prevozov izrednega tovora po cesti in morju, ki so podvrženi številnim zakonskim predpisom. Prevoz po cesti je veliko bolj zahteven od pomorskega, saj je treba točno predvideti vsako kritično točko na cestišču, prilagajati je potrebno hitrost in se prav tako prilagajati številnim udeležencem v cestnem prometu. V pomorskem prevozu pa so tveganja izrazitejša pri prekladanju blaga v pristaniščih in v kolikor se tovor prevaža na palubi. V diplomski nalogi so opisani primeri prevozov izrednega tovora preko Luke Koper d. d. Udeleženca pri prevozu izrednega tovora, kot sta ladijski agent in špediter, sta opozorila na težave, s katerimi se srečujeta pri delu v pomorski logistiki prevoza izrednih tovorov. Today, millions of transports are carried out daily around the world, where transport and logistics play a major role. The most important thing is to ensure the safety of people and cargo, which is why various legal documents have been adopted in the world that carriers are obliged to follow. The organization of transport of extraordinary cargo, which can travel by land (road, rail), sea or air, is particularly demanding. In the diploma thesis, the emphasis is on the organization of the transportation of extraordinary cargo by road and sea that are subject to many legal regulations. Road transport is much more demanding than sea transport, as each critical point on the road has to be accurately predicted, the necessary speed and the number of road users have to be adjusted. In maritime transport, the risks are more pronounced with trans-shipment of goods in ports and where the cargo is transported on deck. The diploma thesis describes examples of extraordinary cargo transportation via Luka Koper d. d. The participants in transportation of extraordinary cargo, such as the shipping agent and the freight forwarder, pointed out the difficulties they face when working in maritime logistics of the transportation of extraordinary cargo. |
