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The effort to create a functional methodology in any branch of science is a clear indication of the aim of reaching consistent and generally accepted concepts, theories and rules in that branch of science. The same effort and purpose has been witnessed in the Arabic language. The need to establish a functional methodology in order to reach the consistent and generally accepted language rules in Arabic linguistics must have made itself felt; In this respect, the science of nahiv was formed as a result of the careful efforts of linguists such as Ibn Cinnî, Kemâleddin al-Enbari and Suyûtî, who were inspired by the sciences of hadith and fiqh. As a matter of fact, the fact that logical and procedural concepts, analyzes and approaches began to be seen for the first time in Arabic linguistics with Ibn Jinni supports this situation. Again, Enbârî's underlining in the preface of his work "el-İğrâb fî cedeli'l i'râb" on the method, that he wrote his work upon the request of the scientific community, stands before us as another strong data. Suyûtî, who has gifted works in many branches to the world of science, undertook the task of developing the science of nahw method a little more and making it more organized, especially for his famous work titled “al-İktirah”. One of the most important issues that the aforementioned pioneer linguists dealt with and discussed in syntax methodology was the disagreement of the evidence and the issue of which one would be preferred among the contradicting evidences. Because linguists; although they have exerted serious devotion to arrive at convincing and reasonable judgments in resolving language issues; Sometimes, they were also exposed to conflicts of different evidences on the same issue and plane, which would directly affect the outcome and lead to the emergence of different provisions. Linguists who are not helpless in the face of these situations; they have succeeded in reaching some methodological solutions with the help of their own equipment and experience. These solution efforts are gathered under the preference method in the final analysis. Thus, in his works, the fact that the evidences such as narration, comparison, ijma and istishâb conflict with their own kind or with each other and the issue of which one will be preferred in terms of method have taken place with the argumentative method and examples. In this study, the problem of conflicting evidences with each other and the nature of the solution of this problem will be emphasized. as follows; In the introduction part, the emergence and progress of the syntax method on the stage of history was briefly touched upon, then general information was given about the nature of the concepts of tear and preference, which constitute the main theme of the article, and then the main topic was given. In the development section, cases of conflict between transmission and transmission, comparison with comparison, comparison with transmission, ijma and muhtalafun fih, istishab and other evidences are given under separate headings and accompanied by plenty of examples. Thus, the criticism of the promissory note and text in the comparison of the transfer and the transfer, and the issue of whether one of the evidences is supported by an equivalent evidence in the contrast of the qiyas and qiyas has come to the fore as the method of choice. It has been determined that the hierarchy of evidence plays an active role in other conflict situations. |
