| Autor: |
Ermis B., Yildirim A., Tastekin A., Ors R. |
| Přispěvatelé: |
Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit Üniversitesi |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2009 |
| Předmět: |
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| Popis: |
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of maternal smoking during pregnancy on human milk interleukin-1ß, tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels at the postpartum seventh day. Methods: Forty-four mothers (age range: 21-34 years) were enrolled in the study. Mothers were interviewed and classified according to their smoking status into one of two groups: the smoking mothers (n = 21) and the nonsmoking mothers (n = 23). Results: There were no significant differences between study groups with respect to human milk interleukin-1ß (P = 0.12) and soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 levels (P = 0.83). However, TNF-? levels were found to be significantly lower in the smoking mothers compared with the controls (P = 0.002). Conclusion: This study shows that maternal smoking during pregnancy affects the levels of TNF-? in milk. The protective effect of human milk against infections seems to be impaired in smoking mothers. © 2009 Japan Pediatric Society. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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