Desmatamento e plano diretor: um estudo multitemporal dos munic??pios da regi??o metropolitana de Manaus

Autor: Paulino, Ricardo Cavalcante
Přispěvatelé: Schor, Tatiana, Silva, Suzy Cristina Pedroza da, Sousa, Isaque dos Santos, Silva Neto, Jo??o C??ndido Andr?? da
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAM
Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
instacron:UFAM
Popis: Submitted by Ricardo Paulino (ricardopaulino10@outlook.com) on 2019-08-23T17:47:03Z No. of bitstreams: 3 DISSERTA????O_RICARDO.pdf: 20364803 bytes, checksum: f2b929cf48bb9774a878ec559d9c5890 (MD5) Encaminhamento.jpg: 334886 bytes, checksum: 1902c7cf8d458be944288ce4cf1f39bd (MD5) ata.jpg: 2618598 bytes, checksum: fbda52ff135acbf92192bc9278b27a67 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by PPGCASA Programa de Ci??ncias do Ambiente e Sustentabilidade na Amaz??nia (ppgcasasecretaria@ufam.edu.br) on 2019-08-26T19:40:02Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 DISSERTA????O_RICARDO.pdf: 20364803 bytes, checksum: f2b929cf48bb9774a878ec559d9c5890 (MD5) Encaminhamento.jpg: 334886 bytes, checksum: 1902c7cf8d458be944288ce4cf1f39bd (MD5) ata.jpg: 2618598 bytes, checksum: fbda52ff135acbf92192bc9278b27a67 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2019-08-27T17:04:43Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 DISSERTA????O_RICARDO.pdf: 20364803 bytes, checksum: f2b929cf48bb9774a878ec559d9c5890 (MD5) Encaminhamento.jpg: 334886 bytes, checksum: 1902c7cf8d458be944288ce4cf1f39bd (MD5) ata.jpg: 2618598 bytes, checksum: fbda52ff135acbf92192bc9278b27a67 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2019-08-27T17:04:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 DISSERTA????O_RICARDO.pdf: 20364803 bytes, checksum: f2b929cf48bb9774a878ec559d9c5890 (MD5) Encaminhamento.jpg: 334886 bytes, checksum: 1902c7cf8d458be944288ce4cf1f39bd (MD5) ata.jpg: 2618598 bytes, checksum: fbda52ff135acbf92192bc9278b27a67 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2019-06-27 CNPq - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient??fico e Tecnol??gico 92992856005 Established by Federal Law No. 10,257 of 2001, known as the Statute of Cities, the Master Plan is the basic instrument of the development policy and urban expansion of the Brazilian municipalities. Its main objective is to define and order the expansion, operation and territorial planning of the city, as well as to guide its occupation and investments. It also seeks to guide the actions of the State in order to contemplate collective interests and guarantee the participatory and democratic management of the city. Established in 2007, through State Complementary Law No. 52, it brings together 13 municipalities in the state of Amazonas. They are: Manaus, Itacoatiara, Presidente Figueiredo, Manacapuru, Iranduba, Careiro, Itapiranga, Novo Air??o, Autazes, Careiro da V??rzea, Manaquiri, Rio Preto da Eva and Silves. Official data indicate that in recent years, the Metropolitan Region of Manaus has been undergoing an intense process of removal of its vegetation cover, breaking the maximum limit of deforestation in its municipalities. Through this research, we seek to investigate the alteration of the vegetation cover in the Metropolitan Region of Manaus, seeking to establish a relationship with the approval of the Executive Plans in the municipalities that comprise it and, for the municipalities that do not have it, to draw a comparison of the progress of deforestation between both protected and unprotected areas. To do so, we used geoprocessing as a primary source for the acquisition of the data analysis tool of the observed phenomena, made available by official bodies such as the National Indian Foundation (Funai), the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), the Ministry of (MMA) and Program of the National Institute of Space Research (INPE) for Monitoring Deforestation in the Legal Amazon (PRODES), as well as consulting the Laws that discuss the territorial arrangement of each of the municipalities targeted by this study. Then, in the possession of this data set, we proceeded to the treatment, selection and organization of information pertinent to the object of study, translated into graphs and tables. For the production of the cartographic set of the research was used the Quantum Gis (QGis, version 3.0.1), free software and multiplatform geographic information system (GIS) that allowed the assembly of an annual deforestation index for each municipality, within a multitemporal series that comprised every year between 2001 and 2015. It was evident that all municipalities in the study area accumulated losses of vegetation cover in protected and unprotected areas, indiscriminately (except for the municipality of Silves, which has no protected area). The group of municipalities that have a Master Plan had an average increase of 163.62 km?? of deforested area between 2001 and 2015, while the group of those that do not have a Master Plan, obtained an average increase of 133.42 km?? of deforested area in the series historical. In this way, we concluded that the Master Plans were important to reduce the progress of deforestation in the area of study, but were not alone responsible for this. Factors not contemplated by this research also contributed to the average advance of deforestation in the RMM decreasing between 2001 and 2015. Institu??do pela Lei Federal n??10.257 de 2001, conhecida como Estatuto das Cidades, o Plano Diretor ?? o instrumento basilar da pol??tica de desenvolvimento e expans??o urbana dos munic??pios brasileiros. Possui como objetivo primordial definir e ordenar a expans??o, o funcionamento e o planejamento territorial da cidade, bem como orientar a sua ocupa????o e nortear os investimentos. Busca tamb??m orientar as a????es do Estado no sentido de contemplar os interesses coletivos e garantir a gest??o participativa e democr??tica da cidade. Institu??da em 2007, por meio da Lei Complementar Estadual n??52, re??ne ao todo 13 munic??pios do estado do Amazonas. S??o eles: Manaus, Itacoatiara, Presidente Figueiredo, Manacapuru, Iranduba, Careiro, Itapiranga, Novo Air??o, Autazes, Careiro da V??rzea, Manaquiri, Rio Preto da Eva e Silves. Dados oficiais apontam que nos ??ltimos anos, a Regi??o Metropolitana de Manaus vem passando por um intenso processo de retirada de sua cobertura vegetal, rompendo o limite m??ximo permitido de desmatamento em seus munic??pios. Por meio desta pesquisa procuramos investigar a altera????o da cobertura vegetal na Regi??o Metropolitana de Manaus, procurando estabelecer uma rela????o com a aprova????o dos Planos Diretores nos munic??pios que a integram e, para os munic??pios que n??o o possuem, tra??ar um comparativo do avan??o do desmatamento entre ??reas protegidas e n??o protegidas. Para tanto, recorremos ao uso do geoprocessamento como fonte prim??ria para a aquisi????o dos dados ferramenta de an??lise do fen??meno observado, disponibilizados por ??rg??os oficiais, tais como Funda????o Nacional do ??ndio (Funai), Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estat??stica (IBGE), Minist??rio do Meio Ambiente (MMA) e Programa do Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE) de Monitoramento do Desmatamento na Amaz??nia Legal (PRODES), bem como ?? consulta ??s Leis que discorrem sobre o arranjo territorial de cada um dos munic??pios alvos deste estudo. Em seguida, de posse desse conjunto de dados, procedeu-se ent??o o tratamento, sele????o e organiza????o das informa????es pertinentes ao objeto de estudo, traduzidos em gr??ficos e tabelas. Para a produ????o do conjunto cartogr??fico da pesquisa foi utilizado o Quantum Gis (QGis, vers??o 3.0.1), software livre e multiplataforma de sistema de informa????o geogr??fica (SIG) que possibilitou a montagem de um ??ndice anual de desmatamento para cada munic??pio, dentro de uma s??rie multitemporal que compreendeu todos os anos entre 2001 e 2015. Ficou evidente que todos os munic??pios da ??rea de estudo acumularam perdas de cobertura vegetal em ??reas protegidas e n??o protegidas, indiscriminadamente (com exce????o do munic??pio de Silves, que n??o possui ??rea protegida). O grupo de munic??pios que possuem Plano Diretor, teve um incremento m??dio de 163,62 km?? de ??rea desmatada entre 2001 e 2015, enquanto o grupo dos que n??o possuem Plano Diretor, obteve um incremento m??dio de 133,42 km?? de ??rea desmatada na s??rie hist??rica. Deste modo, conclu??mos que os Planos Diretores foram importantes para diminuir o avan??o do desmatamento na ??rea de estudo, mas n??o foram os ??nicos respons??veis por isso. Fatores n??o contemplados por essa pesquisa tamb??m contribu??ram para que o avan??o m??dio do desmatamento na RMM decrescesse entre 2001 e 2015.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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