Efeito de diferentes ??pocas do plantio de feij??o-caupi (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) na din??mica populacional de insetos-praga e seus inimigos naturais

Autor: Alves, Ana Suzette da Silva Cavalcante
Přispěvatelé: Silva, Neliton Marques da, Acioli, Agno Nonato Serr??o, Lima, J??nia Lilia da Silva Bentes, Chaves, Francisco Celio Maia, Vasconcelos, Geraldo Jos?? Nascimento de, Teles, Beatriz Ronchi
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFAM
Universidade Federal do Amazonas (UFAM)
instacron:UFAM
Popis: Submitted by Ana Alves (ana.alves@ifam.edu.br) on 2020-03-17T16:49:04Z No. of bitstreams: 3 Tese.pdf: 4065300 bytes, checksum: 79b2f6a9e0b0f7cbbcf9ff5cee82159b (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 100822 bytes, checksum: a10cec6d559afdec365a5838e37d82cd (MD5) Ata da defesa.pdf: 765164 bytes, checksum: 0005081f82d7f06247fee4e1e3c6a9bb (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Agronomia Tropical PPGAGTR (agronomiatropical@ufam.edu.br) on 2020-03-19T21:20:10Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Tese.pdf: 4065300 bytes, checksum: 79b2f6a9e0b0f7cbbcf9ff5cee82159b (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 100822 bytes, checksum: a10cec6d559afdec365a5838e37d82cd (MD5) Ata da defesa.pdf: 765164 bytes, checksum: 0005081f82d7f06247fee4e1e3c6a9bb (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Divis??o de Documenta????o/BC Biblioteca Central (ddbc@ufam.edu.br) on 2020-03-20T00:46:03Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 3 Tese.pdf: 4065300 bytes, checksum: 79b2f6a9e0b0f7cbbcf9ff5cee82159b (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 100822 bytes, checksum: a10cec6d559afdec365a5838e37d82cd (MD5) Ata da defesa.pdf: 765164 bytes, checksum: 0005081f82d7f06247fee4e1e3c6a9bb (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-20T00:46:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3 Tese.pdf: 4065300 bytes, checksum: 79b2f6a9e0b0f7cbbcf9ff5cee82159b (MD5) Carta de encaminhamento.pdf: 100822 bytes, checksum: a10cec6d559afdec365a5838e37d82cd (MD5) Ata da defesa.pdf: 765164 bytes, checksum: 0005081f82d7f06247fee4e1e3c6a9bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-02-19 The present work aimed to evaluate the effect of different planting times on the population dynamics of insect pests and their natural enemies of the cowpea culture. The study was carried out at three times of the year, from september/2017 to august/2018 at the Experimental Farm of the Federal University of Amazonas FAEXP. Weekly samplings were performed, totaling 33 collections. Two forms of collection were used for each planting season: individual evaluation of the plants per linear meter at 10 random collection points and entomological network (10 networks at 10 collection points) according to the phenological stage of the culture. Through the fauna analysis, carried out in the three planting seasons, it was possible to verify that Acromyrmex sp.; Agromyzidae sp. Cerotoma arcuata, Crinocerus sanctus, Euschistus heros, Horciasinus signoreti and Nezara viridula were species considered to be pests of the cowpea culture, with emphasis on H.signoreti as it was the first time considered predominant in cowpea plantations in the state of Amazonas. The natural enemies observed in the analyzed times are from the groups of parasitoids and predators. Among the parasitoids, the most abundant family was Tachinidae (Diptera) and of the predators, Dolichopodidae (Diptera), Syrphidae (Diptera) and Formicidae (Hymenoptera). However, it was possible to verify that there was no significant difference for the total of pest insects collected between the studied periods. However, advancing or delaying the planting season there will always be infestation of the hemiptera: C. sanctus, N. viridula, E. heros and H. signoreti, although, apparently, the species of bedbugs reported as of economic importance, in this work, showed preferences for specific seasons with the exception of H. signoreti, which occurred and were dominant in the three seasons. The largest population peaks of hemiptera occurred in the reproductive stages. The change in the planting season provided a smaller population of the defoliating insect of greater economic importance for the cowpea crop, C. arcuata, in the first and second season and greater infestation at the recommended time for planting (june to august). The highest production recorded was in the second planting season, 420 kg, but with less use of dry grains due to losses caused by direct and indirect factors during planting. Therefore, if the intention is to obtain a better use of dry grains and to reduce the infestation of C. arcuata, it is suggested that the planting be carried out later, because, in this way, the damages caused by this pest tend to be in smaller proportions due to the low infestation of these insects at this time of planting. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito das diferentes ??pocas de plantio na din??mica populacional de insetos-praga e seus inimigos naturais da cultura do feij??o-caupi. O estudo foi realizado em tr??s ??pocas do ano, de setembro/2017 a agosto/2018 na Fazenda Experimental da Universidade Federal do Amazonas FAEXP. Foram realizadas amostragens semanais, totalizando 33 coletas. Utilizou-se para cada ??poca de plantio duas formas de coletas: avalia????o individual das plantas por metro linear em 10 pontos de coleta aleat??ria e rede entomol??gica (10 redadas em 10 pontos de coleta) conforme o est??dio fenol??gico da cultura. Por meio da an??lise faun??stica, realizada nas tr??s ??pocas de plantio, foi poss??vel verificar que Acromyrmex sp.; Agromyzidae sp. Cerotoma arcuata, Crinocerus sanctus, Euschistus heros, Horciasinus signoreti e Nezara viridula foram ??s esp??cies consideradas pragas da cultura do feij??o-caupi, merecendo destaque para H.signoreti por ter sido a primeira vez considerada predominante em plantios de feij??o-caupi no estado do Amazonas. Os inimigos naturais observados nas ??pocas analisadas s??o dos grupos dos parasitoides e predadores. Dentre os parasitoides, a fam??lia mais abundante foi Tachinidae (Diptera) e dos predadores, Dolichopodidae (Diptera), Syrphidae (Diptera) e Formicidae (Hymenoptera). No entanto, foi poss??vel verificar que n??o houve diferen??a significativa para o total de insetos-praga coletados entre as ??pocas estudadas. Por??m, adiantando ou atrasando a ??poca de plantio sempre haver?? infesta????o dos hem??pteros: C. sanctus, N. viridula, E. heros e H. signoreti, embora, aparentemente, as esp??cies de percevejos relatadas como de import??ncia econ??mica, neste trabalho, demonstraram prefer??ncias por ??pocas espec??ficas com exce????o do H. signoreti que teve ocorr??ncia e foram dominantes nas tr??s ??pocas. Os maiores picos populacionais de hem??pteros ocorreram nos est??dios reprodutivos. A altera????o na ??poca de plantio proporcionou uma menor popula????o do inseto desfolhador de maior import??ncia econ??mica da cultura do feij??o-caupi, C. arcuata, na primeira e segunda ??poca e maior infesta????o na ??poca recomendada para o plantio (junho a agosto). A maior produ????o registrada foi na segunda ??poca de plantio, 420 kg, por??m com menor aproveitamento de gr??os secos devido ??s perdas ocasionadas por fatores diretos e indiretos durante o plantio. Portanto, se a inten????o for obter um melhor aproveitamento de gr??os secos e reduzir a infesta????o de C. arcuata, sugere-se que o plantio seja realizado de forma mais tardia, pois, dessa forma, os danos ocasionados por essa praga tendem a ser em menores propor????es devido ?? baixa infesta????o desses insetos nessa ??poca de plantio.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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