Inclus?o de aditivos sobre o consumo e o desempenho de bovinos: uma revis?o sistem?tica e metan?lise

Autor: Fernandes, Leila das Dores
Přispěvatelé: Bento, Cl?udia Braga Pereira, Gomes, Daiany Iris, Villela, Severino Delmar Junqueira, Silva, Jenevaldo Barbosa da, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Repositório Institucional da UFVJM
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
instacron:UFVJM
Popis: O presente trabalho foi realizado com apoio da Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - Brasil (CAPES) - C?digo de Financiamento 001. Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2021-12-07T20:45:06Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) leila_dores_fernandes.pdf: 2721159 bytes, checksum: 6699bfb27e0eab0d55e9f3fa74be1153 (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2021-12-07T20:46:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) leila_dores_fernandes.pdf: 2721159 bytes, checksum: 6699bfb27e0eab0d55e9f3fa74be1153 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-12-07T20:46:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) leila_dores_fernandes.pdf: 2721159 bytes, checksum: 6699bfb27e0eab0d55e9f3fa74be1153 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar o uso de aditivos alimentares no desempenho de bovinos utilizando revis?o sistem?tica e metan?lise. Foi utilizada a base de dados eletr?nica (Scopus) para a busca sistem?tica dos artigos cient?ficos e utilizados crit?rios para a inclus?o dos estudos. As medidas de interesse foram o ganho m?dio di?rio de peso (GMD) ou a produ??o de leite di?ria (PLD), o consumo de mat?ria seca (CMS) e a efici?ncia alimentar. Foi conduzida uma metan?lise para efeito fixo ou efeitos aleat?rios para cada medida separadamente com as m?dias dos grupos controle e tratamento. Na metan?lise, foi aplicado o m?todo de vari?ncia inversa e o m?todo DerSimonian-Laird foi usado para estimar a vari?ncia entre estudos (?2). Os resultados foram apresentados em diferen?a de m?dias (DM), intervalo de confian?a a 95% (IC 95%) e I2 (porcentagem de varia??o total entre estudos que ? devido a heterogeneidade). As an?lises estat?sticas foram conduzidas no software estat?stico R. Foram inclu?das quarenta e tr?s publica??es, destes 12 estudos eram referentes a bovinocultura de corte e 31 estudos referentes a bovinocultura de leite. Os aditivos alimentares, antibi?ticos ion?foros, antibi?ticos n?o ion?foros, ?leos essenciais, taninos, pr?polis, aditivos ? base de leveduras e aditivos enzim?ticos promoveram variados efeitos no desempenho de bovinos. Os antibi?ticos ion?foros, reduziram (DM = ?0,48 kg/dia; P = 0,0004) a ingest?o de alimento sem interferir (DM = 0,00 kg/dia; P = 0,9756) no ganho de peso e melhorou (DM = +0,01; P = 0,0067) a efici?ncia alimentar de bovinos de corte. Em bovinos leiteiros, os ion?foros aumentaram (DM = +0,06; P = 0,0079) a efici?ncia alimentar, sem efeitos (DM = +0,22 kg/dia; P = 0,4508) sobre a PLD e o CMS (DM = ?0,67 kg/dia; P = 0,0971). Conclu?mos que houve a redu??o do CMS e o aumento da efici?ncia alimentar de bovinos de corte, e o aumento da efici?ncia alimentar de bovinos leiteiros pelos ion?foros; o aumento do GMD de bovinos de corte pela virginiamicina e pela pr?polis; e o aumento da PLD com a inclus?o de aditivos enzim?ticos na dieta de vacas leiteiras. A suplementa??o com ?leos essenciais, taninos ou aditivos ? base de leveduras n?o influenciou o desempenho de bovinos leiteiros. Por fim, s?o relatados diversos benef?cios da inclus?o de aditivos na dieta de bovinos, desde a preven??o de dist?rbios metab?licos ? redu??o das emiss?es de metano ent?rico, entretanto, os resultados encontrados sugerem que ainda existem lacunas a respeito dos efeitos destes sobre o desempenho animal. Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2021. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of feed additives in the performance of bovine using systematic review and meta-analysis. It was used the electronic database (Scopus) for the systematic search of scientific articles and were used criteria for the inclusion of studies. The measures of interest were the average daily weight gain (ADG) or the daily milk yield (MY), the dry matter intake (DMI) and the feed efficiency. Was conducted a meta-analysis for fixed effect or random effects for each measure separately with the means of the control and treatment groups. In the meta-analysis, the inverse variance method was applied, and the DerSimonian-Laird method was used to estimate the variance between studies (?2). The results were presented in difference of means (DM), 95% confidence interval (95% CI) and I2 (percentage of total variation between studies that is due to heterogeneity). Statistical analyzes were conducted using the statistical software R. Forty-three publications were included, of these, 12 studies were related to beef cattle and 31 studies related to dairy cattle. Feed additives, ionophore antibiotics, non-ionophore antibiotics, essential oils, tannins, propolis, yeast-based additives and enzymatic additives promoted varied effects on the performance of bovines. Ionophore antibiotics reduced (DM = -0,48 kg/day; P = 0,0004) food intake without interfering (DM = 0,00 kg/day; P = 0,9756) in weight gain and improved (DM = +0,01; P = 0,0067) the feed efficiency of beef cattle. In dairy cattle, the ionophores increased (DM = +0,06; P = 0,0079) the feed eficience, without effects (DM = +0,22 kg/day; P = 0,4508) on the MY and the DMI (DM = -0,67 kg/day; P = 0,0971). We concluded that there was a reduction in the DMI and an increase in the feed efficiency of beef cattle, and an increase in the feed efficiency of dairy cattle by the ionophores; the increase in the DMI of beef cattle by virginiamycin and propolis; and the increase in MY with the inclusion of enzymatic additives in the diet of dairy cows. Supplementation with essential oils, tannins or yeast-based additives did not influence the performance of dairy cattle. Finally, several benefits of the inclusion of additives in the bovine diet are reported, from the prevention of metabolic disorders to the reduction of enteric methane emissions, however, the results found suggest that there are still gaps regarding their effects on animal performance.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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