Chewing insects, pollinators, and predators on Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Beth (Fabales: Fabaceae) plants fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge

Autor: Mota, Marcos Vinicius Souza
Přispěvatelé: Leite, Germano Le?o Demolin, Soares, Marcus Alvarenga, Veloso, Ronnie Von dos Santos, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Zdroj: Repositório Institucional da UFVJM
Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri (UFVJM)
instacron:UFVJM
Popis: rea de concentra??o: Produ??o Vegetal. Ag?ncia financiadora: Instituto de Pesquisas Florestais (IPEF) - Programa de Prote??o Florestal (PROTEF). Submitted by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-04-29T19:44:52Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcos_vinicius_souza_mota.pdf: 1951787 bytes, checksum: 7b1dfddb3a23eae61215826ab89c2b5a (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Jos? Henrique Henrique (jose.neves@ufvjm.edu.br) on 2022-05-03T17:48:12Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcos_vinicius_souza_mota.pdf: 1951787 bytes, checksum: 7b1dfddb3a23eae61215826ab89c2b5a (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2022-05-03T17:48:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) marcos_vinicius_souza_mota.pdf: 1951787 bytes, checksum: 7b1dfddb3a23eae61215826ab89c2b5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021 Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient?fico e Tecnol?gico (CNPq) Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) Funda??o de Amparo ? Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG) V?rias atividades antr?picas causam a redu??o e fragmenta??o das paisagens. Isso resulta na perda da capacidade de recupera??o natural, impacta os processos ecol?gicos e promove a redu??o da abund?ncia, diversidade e riqueza dos organismos, envolvendo n?o s? o meio bi?tico, mas tamb?m o solo, a ?gua e o ar. Diante disso, a promo??o de a??es b?sicas como: a implanta??o do tipo correto de vegeta??o, a mitiga??o de problemas graves de conserva??o do solo, o isolamento e retirada dos fatores da degrada??o e o monitoramento, apresentam bons resultados e proporcionam um retorno e um aumento gradual dos ?ndices e rela??es ecol?gicas. A utiliza??o de plantas pioneiras tais como Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Beth (Fabales: Fabaceae) e a fertiliza??o com lodo de esgoto desidratado, podem acelerar o processo de recupera??o de ?reas degradadas, melhorando a produtividade local, as propriedades f?sicas do solo, aumentando a fertilidade, a quantidade de mat?ria org?nica e contribuindo com a apropriada destina??o de res?duos urbanos, tendo como perspectiva a economia circular. Al?m disso, a utiliza??o de bioindicadores como os insetos, podem fornecer informa??es extrapol?veis. A abund?ncia, diversidade e riqueza de insetos por exemplo, s?o diretamente acometidas pela disponibilidade de alimento, estrutura tr?fica, presen?a de inimigos naturais (predadores e parasitoides), din?mica populacional, diversidade e densidade vegetal, complexidade estrutural do habitat, dentre outros fatores que refletem a sa?de e o funcionamento do ecossistema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os insetos mastigadores, polinizadores e predadores, seus ?ndices e rela??es ecol?gicas em plantas de A. auriculiformis fertilizadas com lodo de esgoto desidratado, em ?rea degradada, durante 24 meses. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com dois tratamentos (com e sem aduba??o com lodo de esgoto desidratado) e 24 repeti??es (uma repeti??o = uma planta), resultando em um total de 48 plantas. Para contabiliza??o, coleta e identifica??o dos artr?podes, foram avaliadas 12 folhas/planta/avalia??o, durante 12 meses. A desfolha causada pelos insetos foi mensurada em uma escala de 0 ? 100%. Alguns esp?cimes foram capturados, separados e identificados a n?vel de esp?cie, para possibilitar o c?lculo dos ?ndices ecol?gicos. O n?mero total de insetos mastigadores Parasyphraea sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Nasutitermes sp. (Blattodea: Termitidae) e Tropidacris collaris (Stoll, 1813) (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), porcentagem de desfolha, e do ?ndice ecol?gico abund?ncia de Coleoptera e de Orthoptera foram maiores em plantas de A. auriculiformis fertilizadas com lodo de esgoto desidratado. Plantas de A. auriculiformis, com maior quantidade de galhos/?rvore, apresentaram maiores abund?ncias de Coleoptera e Orthoptera, riqueza de esp?cies de insetos polinizadores, porcentagem de desfolha e n?mero total de Parasyphraea sp. e T. collaris, e as com maior folhas/galho os de riqueza de esp?cies de Coleoptera e Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Por tanto, a utiliza??o de A. auriculiformis, adubada com lodo de esgoto desidratado, ? promissora na recupera??o de ?reas degradadas devido ao aumento dos ?ndices ecol?gicos de insetos mastigadores, polinizadores e aranhas na ?rea. Disserta??o (Mestrado) ? Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Produ??o Vegetal, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, 2021. Various anthropic activities cause the reduction and fragmentation of landscapes. This results in the loss of natural recovery capacity, impacts ecological processes and promotes the reduction of abundance, diversity and richness of organisms, involving not only the biotic environment, but also soil, water and air. Therefore, the promotion of basic actions such as the implementation of the correct type of vegetation, the mitigation of serious soil conservation problems, the isolation and removal of degradation factors and monitoring, present good results and provide a return and a gradual increase of the indexes and ecosystem relations. The use of pioneer plants such as Acacia auriculiformis A. Cunn. ex Beth (Fabales: Fabaceae) and fertilization with dehydrated sewage sludge can accelerate the recovery process of degraded areas. Improving local productivity, soil physical properties, increasing fertility, the amount of organic matter and contributing to the appropriate disposal of urban waste, with a perspective of the circular economy. In addition, the use of bioindicators such as insects, can provide extrapolable information. The abundance, diversity and richness of insects, for example, are directly affected by the availability of food, trophic structure, presence of natural enemies (predators and parasitoids), population dynamics, diversity and plant density, structural complexity of the habitat, among other factors that reflect the health and functioning of the ecosystem. The objective of this work was to evaluate the chewing insects, pollinators and predators, their indexes and ecological relationships in plants of A. auriculiformis fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge, in a degraded area, for 24 months. The design used was completely randomized with two treatments (with and without fertilization with dehydrated sewage sludge) and 24 replicates (one repetition = one plant), resulting in a total of 48 plants. For accounting, collection and identification of arthropods, 12 leaves/plant/evaluation were evaluated during 12 months. Defoliation caused by insects was measured on a scale of 0 ? 100%. Some specimens were captured, separated and identified from species level, so that it was possible to calculate the ecological indices. The total number of chewing insects Parasyphraea sp. (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Nasutitermes sp. (Blattodea: Termitidae), and Tropidacris collaris (Stoll, 1813) (Orthoptera: Romaleidae), defoliation percentage, and ecological indices of abundance of Coleoptera and Orthoptera were observed on fertilized A. auriculiformis. Acacia auriculiformis plants, with a superior number of branches/tree, revealed greater abundance of Coleoptera and Orthoptera, species richness of pollinating insects, defoliation percentage and total numbers of Parasyphraea sp. and T. collaris, and the ones with larger leaves/branches displayed greater abundance of species richness of Coleoptera and Diabrotica speciosa (Germar, 1824) (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Therefore, the use of A. auriculiformis plants, fertilized with dehydrated sewage sludge, is promising in the recovery of degraded areas due to the ecological indices increase of chewing and pollinators insects and spiders in the analyzed area.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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