Composition, structure and historical ecology of a stretch Deciduous Forest (EDF) located in the Midwest of Santa Catarina

Autor: Freitas, Welington Kiffer de
Přispěvatelé: Magalh?es, Lu?s Mauro Sampaio, Za?, Andr? Scarambone, Resende, Alexander Silva de, Peixoto, Ariane Luna, Bohrer, Cl?udio Belmonte de Athayde
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2012
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
instacron:UFRRJ
Popis: Submitted by Sandra Pereira (srpereira@ufrrj.br) on 2020-04-20T17:52:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Welington Kiffer de Freitas.pdf: 9543466 bytes, checksum: 15762ada621aec1179d0fd7f7413384b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-04-20T17:52:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2012 - Welington Kiffer de Freitas.pdf: 9543466 bytes, checksum: 15762ada621aec1179d0fd7f7413384b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-02 The aim of this study was to analyze the floristic composition, the horizontal and vertical stretch of a Deciduous Forest, located on the banks of the rio do Peixe, in Ipira and Piratuba (SC) and evaluate the historical ecology of this landscape. 14 transects were marked with size 1.000 m2, with conducting random collections during the years 2009 and 2010. All trees with DBH equal to or greater than 4 cm were tagged and measured. For analysis of Natural Regeneration considered individuals with DBH less than 4,0 cm and less than 2,0 cm in each of the plots of 40 m2, placed in each of the ten plots of trasectos. The historical ecology was assessed through literature searches, based on field studies and reports from farmers in order to identify the economic and social situation of the families of farmers, as well as the relationship between the use of property and natural resources, especially on the degree knowledge on "Invasive Plants". As a result it was found that 2.125 individuals sampled were distributed in 34 families and 113 species, and H 'of 3,92. The family Myrtaceae showed a higher number of species (16) and Gymnanthes concolor largest number of individuals (146). The heterogeneity of the tree component between areas reveals little compared to phytogeographic patterns based on the distribution of species, seeming to be more influenced by abiotic factors, mainly the climate and soil type. The species Luehea divaricata showed higher VI, while the species Hovenia dulcis occupied the 12th place. The vertical structure showed that among the 113 species found six feature exclusive representatives in the lower stratum, 35 in the middle stratum, three on top and 72 common to all strata. The analysis of the profile of landowners revealed the existence of a fairly typical, with small family groups consisting of three sons, integrated agro-industries which derive a monthly income 3-5 wages. Almost half of respondents (47%) stated that family members under 25 years no longer reside or will have to leave the farms, demonstrating a gradual tendency rural exodus in the Midwest region of Santa Catarina. All respondents said they rely on the assistance of companies that collaborate frequently. Was observed preference of farmers in the use of species such as Eucalyptus spp and Hovenia dulcis (76.7%) for multiple use on their properties. All respondents reported using Hovenia dulcis how to create shading. Over 70% of farmers expressed no willingness to volunteer work in the plant control in forest fragments in the region. Thus, it was possible to observe the importance of the multidisciplinary nature of Historical Ecology, by the sum of the historical actions and their interrelationships in landscape attributes, resulting in biological contamination by alien species Hovenia dulcis, becoming a useful tool for formulation of public policies for the sustainable use of natural resources, associating social relationships, the natural sciences, in addition to the political and economic aspects. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a composi??o flor?stica, as estruturas horizontal e vertical de um trecho de Floresta Estacional Decidual, localizado nas margens do rio Peixe, em Ipira e Piratuba (SC) e avaliar a Ecologia hist?rica dessa paisagem. Foram demarcados 14 transectos, com dimens?o de 1000 m2, com realiza??o de coletas aleat?rias durante os anos de 2009 e 2010. Todas as ?rvores com DAP igual ou maior que 4 cm foram marcadas e medidas. Para an?lise da Regenera??o Natural, considerou os indiv?duos com DAP inferior a 4,0 cm e igual ou superior a 2,0 cm, em cada uma das parcelas de 40 m2, alocadas em cada uma das dez subparcelas dos trasectos. A Ecologia hist?rica foi avaliada atrav?s de pesquisas bibliogr?ficas, apoiada nos estudos de campo e relatos de agricultores, objetivando identificar a situa??o econ?mica e social das fam?lias dos produtores, al?m da a rela??o entre o uso da propriedade e os recursos naturais; especialmente sobre o grau de conhecimento sobre o tema ?Plantas Invasoras?. Como resultado foi constatado que os 2.125 indiv?duos amostrados foram distribu?dos em 34 fam?lias e 113 esp?cies, e H? de 3,92. A fam?lia Myrtaceae apresentou maior n?mero de esp?cies (16) e Gymnanthes concolor maior n?mero de indiv?duos (146). A heterogeneidade do componente arb?reo entre as ?reas comparadas pouco revela a exist?ncia de padr?es fitogeogr?ficos baseados na distribui??o das esp?cies, parecendo ser mais influenciado por fatores abi?ticos, principalmente o clima e o tipo de solo. A esp?cie Luehea divaricata apresentou maior VI, enquanto a esp?cie Hovenia dulcis ocupou a 12? coloca??o. A estrutura vertical demonstrou que entre as 113 esp?cies encontradas, seis apresentam representantes exclusivos no estrato inferior, 35 no estrato m?dio, tr?s no superior e 72 comuns a todos os estratos. A an?lise do perfil dos propriet?rios rurais revelou a exist?ncia de um bem t?pico, com n?cleos familiares pequenos, compostos por tr?s filhos, integrados a agroind?strias de onde retiram uma renda mensal de 3 a 5 sal?rios. Quase a metade dos entrevistados (47%) afirmou que os membros da fam?lia com menos de 25 anos j? n?o residem ou possuem vontade de deixar as propriedades rurais, demonstrando uma tend?ncia gradativa ao ?xodo rural na regi?o do meio oeste catarinense. Todos os entrevistados afirmaram contar com a assist?ncia t?cnica frequente das empresas que colaboram. Foi constatada prefer?ncia dos agricultores no uso de esp?cies como Eucalyptus spp e Hovenia dulcis (76,7%) para uso m?ltiplo em suas propriedades. Todos os entrevistados afirmaram utilizar a Hovenia dulcis como sombreamento para a cria??o. Mais de 70% dos agricultores n?o manifestaram disposi??o para o trabalho volunt?rio no controle da planta nos fragmentos florestais da regi?o. Dessa forma, foi poss?vel observar a import?ncia do car?ter multidisciplinar da Ecologia Hist?rica, atrav?s do somat?rio das a??es hist?ricas e suas interrela??es nos atributos da paisagem, resultando na contamina??o biol?gica pela esp?cie ex?tica Hovenia dulcis, constituindo-se em uma ferramenta ?til para a formula??o de pol?ticas p?blicas para o uso sustent?vel dos recursos naturais, associando as rela??es sociais, as ci?ncias naturais, al?m dos aspectos pol?ticos e econ?micos.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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