Soil fauna and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in agroforesty corridor

Autor: Martins, Eline Matos
Přispěvatelé: Silva, Eliane Maria Ribeiro da, Resende, Alexander Silva de
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2009
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)
instacron:UFRRJ
Popis: Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:56:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2009 - Eline Matos Martins.pdf: 1638028 bytes, checksum: 79aa4a8e23c60ae446b8d4d90d271a47 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2009-02-27 Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES The diversity still remainder in the Atlantic Forest biome is distributed in forest fragments, which when not located in protected areas are in small landowner private areas. Actions that combine the conservation of these forest remnants to the landowner interests are necessary and urgent. Considering this, this study aims to evaluate the soil regeneration promoted by an agro-forestry system, implemented as an ecological corridor connecting two forest fragments (3 and 5 ha) in Serop?dica municipality, RJ. Soil fauna and mycorrhizal fungi (FMAs) were used as biological indicators of the soil quality. Data collection was made in the dry and wet seasons in the corridor, two pastureland areas - one near and other distant from corridor - and in the two forest fragments. The soil fauna was collected using pitfall traps and mycorrhizal fungi through spore extraction from the soil. Considering the soil fauna, the groups Acari, Entomobryomorpha e Formicidae predominated in the dry season, totaling 66% of the collected individuals. In the wet season the groups Acari, Formicidae e Poduromorpha predominated, with 65% of the collected fauna. The higher abundances of microphagous and saprophagous were found in the corridor and in the pasture near it. The predators, by its turn, had a higher number of individuals only in the pasture area near the corridor. In the dry season the fragments differed from the others areas by had the higher soil fauna diversity. It was also observed that the diversity reduction occurs with the increase of the distance from the sample points to the forest. In the wet season, the soil fauna community differed among the two pasture areas and the corridor. The richness and abundance of the mycorrhizal fungi did not differ statically among the sampled areas neither at dry or wet season. A total of 23 FMAs species was found, the genus Glomus and Acaulospora in the two seasons sampled. The results indicated that the agro-forestry corridor favors the colonization of the soil fauna on the place it was implemented and also in the surrounding areas, although the composition of the faunal community still differs from those found in the forest remnants. The mycorrhizal fungi were influenced by environmental variations between the seasons but there was no difference among the sampled areas in its richness and abundance which could be due to the few time of corridor implementation. A diversidade ainda restante do bioma Mata Atl?ntica est? distribu?da em fragmentos florestais, os quais, quando n?o contemplados em Unidades de Conserva??o, encontram-se em ?reas particulares de pequenos agricultores. Medidas que aliem a conserva??o destes remanescentes florestais ao interesse desses propriet?rios, fazem-se necess?rias e urgentes. Diante disto este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a recupera??o do solo proporcionada por um sistema agroflorestal, implantado sob a forma de um corredor ecol?gico, interligando dois fragmentos florestais (3 e 5 ha) no munic?pio de Serop?dica, RJ. Como indicadores biol?gicos da qualidade do solo foram utilizados a fauna do solo e os fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares (FMAs). As coletas foram realizadas nas esta??es seca e chuvosa no corredor, em duas ?reas de pasto - uma pr?xima e outra distante do corredor - e nos dois fragmentos florestais. A fauna do solo foi coletada com aux?lio de armadilhas pitfall e os fungos micorr?zicos por extra??o de esporos do solo. Em rela??o ? fauna do solo, na ?poca seca houve predom?nio dos grupos Acari, Entomobryomorpha e Formicidae, que totalizaram 66% de todos os indiv?duos coletados. Na ?poca chuvosa os grupos que predominaram foram Acari, Formicidae e Poduromorpha, representando 65% da fauna coletada nesta ?poca. As maiores abund?ncias de micr?fagos e sapr?fagos foram encontradas no corredor e no pasto pr?ximo a este nas duas esta??es. J? os predadores destacaram-se em n?mero de indiv?duos somente no pasto pr?ximo ao corredor. Na ?poca seca as ?reas de mata distinguiram-se das demais por apresentarem uma maior diversidade da fauna do solo. Observou-se tamb?m que a redu??o da diversidade ocorre com o distanciamento dos pontos de coleta em rela??o ?s matas. Na ?poca chuvosa, a comunidade da fauna do solo diferiu entre o pasto distante, o pasto pr?ximo ao corredor e o corredor agroflorestal. A riqueza e abund?ncia dos fungos micorr?zicos n?o diferiram estatisticamente entre as ?reas, nas duas coletas realizadas. Foi encontrado um total de 23 esp?cies de FMAs, com destaque para os g?neros Glomus e Acaulospora nas duas ?pocas avaliadas. Os resultados indicaram que o corredor agroflorestal proporciona a coloniza??o da fauna do solo no seu local de implanta??o e nas ?reas circunvizinhas, embora a sua composi??o no corredor ainda seja distinta das matas. Os fungos micorr?zicos foram influenciados pelas varia??es ambientais ocorridas entre as esta??es, por?m n?o houve diferen?a entre as ?reas estudadas em rela??o a sua riqueza e abund?ncia, tal resultado pode estar relacionado ao curto tempo de implanta??o do corredor.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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