A divulga??o cient?fica como arena discursiva nas universidades brasileiras : (des)encontro de vozes nos dizeres de professores-pesquisadores

Autor: Fetter, Giselle Liana
Přispěvatelé: di Fanti, Maria da Gl?ria Corr?a
Jazyk: portugalština
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Zdroj: Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da PUC_RS
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS)
instacron:PUC_RS
Popis: A divulga??o cient?fica se expandiu consideravelmente nas ?ltimas d?cadas e constitui-se como objeto de estudo de diferentes ?reas do conhecimento, possibilitando pesquisas sob variadas perspectivas. Nesse universo de abordagens, s?o atribu?dos modelos de comunica??o p?blica da ci?ncia, em especial, o de d?ficit, que tende a ser o mais controverso por estigmatizar o p?blico como ignorante ? leigo ?, enquanto os cientistas seriam os possuidores do conhecimento cient?fico. Assim, a quest?o norteadora desta pesquisa de doutorado ? como a divulga??o cient?fica ? concebida pelos professores-pesquisadores de universidades brasileiras. A an?lise fundamenta-se nos preceitos do C?rculo de Bakhtin, para o qual a linguagem adv?m da intera??o de uma multiplicidade de vozes. Por serem intrinsecamente dial?gicos, os discursos est?o permeados de valora??es, que conduzem os pontos de vista a partir de contextos sociais, culturais e hist?ricos. Entende-se que a divulga??o cient?fica est? carregada de acentos valorativos que se tensionam nessa arena discursiva. Sob esse aporte te?rico-metodol?gico, o objetivo geral ? investigar as concep??es de divulga??o cient?fica no discurso dos professores-pesquisadores de universidades brasileiras a fim de contribuir para o aprimoramento da divulga??o da ci?ncia do Brasil. Os objetivos espec?ficos s?o: a) verificar as vozes que interagem, no discurso dos professores-pesquisadores, para conceber a divulga??o cient?fica; b) identificar os reflexos e refra??es a respeito da ci?ncia, do p?blico e da linguagem da divulga??o cient?fica; c) analisar como os fios dial?gicos que permeiam os discursos desencadeiam os sentidos e as ressignifica??es das concep??es de divulga??o cient?fica; e d) investigar as rela??es de alteridade constitu?das com os cientistas, com o p?blico e com os divulgadores de ci?ncia. Para a realiza??o desta pesquisa, foram coletados, na ferramenta Google Acad?mico, artigos cient?ficos publicados entre 2016 e 2018, indexados pela palavra-chave divulga??o cient?fica. Como crit?rios de recorte, determinou-se que a autoria dos artigos fosse de professores-pesquisadores de p?s-gradua??o stricto sensu e delimitou-se seu v?nculo a 7 (sete) grandes ?reas do conhecimento da CAPES: Ci?ncias Exatas e da Terra, Ci?ncias Biol?gicas, Engenharias, Ci?ncias da Sa?de, Ci?ncias Sociais Aplicadas, Ci?ncias Humanas e Multidisciplinar. Ao todo, foram reunidos 56 artigos para estruturar o corpus de refer?ncia, do qual se elegeu 34 artigos para compor o corpus de estudo. Como resultado, verificou-se que a divulga??o cient?fica ainda est? circunscrita pelas premissas do modelo de d?ficit, embora outros modelos sejam evidenciados. Alguns enunciados refletem a ci?ncia como solu??o para problemas da sociedade bem como manifestam o afastamento do p?blico, ao estabelecer adversidades e construir fronteiras que impedem essa rela??o. Entretanto, conclui-se que a divulga??o cient?fica resulta das rela??es alterit?rias de cientista-para-cientista, de cientista-para-p?blico e de p?blico-para-cientista. Nesse processo alterit?rio, a divulga??o cient?fica ? refratada tanto na intera??o entre esferas cient?fica e acad?mica quanto no compartilhamento das descobertas com o p?blico. Do conjunto da investiga??o, defende-se a tese de que as concep??es de divulga??o cient?fica dos professores-pesquisadores de universidades brasileiras se revelam na multiplicidade de vozes, permeadas por tons axiol?gicos que, por um lado, refletem os desafios e empecilhos de se divulgar ci?ncia e, por outro, refratam a defesa e a import?ncia da rela??o de alteridade entre a ci?ncia e a sociedade. Scientific communication has expanded considerably in recent decades and constitutes an object of study for different fields of knowledge, enabling researches based on various perspectives. In this universe of approaches, models of public communication are attributed, especially, concerning the deficit model, which tends to be the most controversial for it stigmatizes the public as ignorant ? laypeople ?, and scientists as the possessors of scientific knowledge. Thus, this doctoral research seeks to investigate how scientific communication is conceived by professorsresearchers from Brazilian universities. The analysis is based on the theoretical notions of Bakhtin Circle, for which language proceeds from the interaction of multiple voices. As they are intrinsically dialogic, the discourses are intertwined with axiological value, which conduce the points of view from social, cultural and historical contexts. It is understood that science communication bears the evaluative accents that, dialogically, are in a state of constant tension in this discursive arena. Under this theoretical-methodological contribution, the main objective of the present study is to analyze the concepts of science communication in the discourse of professorsresearchers from Brazilian universities in order to improve scientific dissemination in Brazil. The specific objectives are: a) to verify the voices that interact in the discourse of the professors-researchers to conceive science communication; b) to identify the reflections and refractions regarding science, the public and the language of science communication; c) to analyze how the dialogic relations that intertwine the discourses trigger the meanings and resignification of the concepts of science communication; and d) to investigate the otherness constituted with scientists, the public and the disseminators of science. For the realization of this research, scientific papers published between 2016 and 2018 were collected through Google Scholar, indexed by the keyword divulga??o cient?fica. As selection criteria, it was determined that the authors of the papers should be professors-researchers of postgraduate programs belonging to 7 (seven) CAPES? major areas of knowledge: Exact and Earth Sciences, Biological Sciences, Engineering, Health Sciences, Applied Social Sciences, Humanities and Multidisciplinary. Altogether 56 papers were gathered to compose the reference corpus from which 34 papers were elected to structure the study corpus. As a result of this analysis, it was found that science communication is still circumscribed by the premises of the deficit model, although other models are evident. Some utterances reflect science as the solution to society's problems, as well as manifest distance from the public by establishing obstacles and building barriers that prevent this relationship. However, it is concluded that science communication results from the relations of otherness between scientist-to-scientist, scientist-to-public and public-to-scientist. In this process of otherness, science communication is refracted both in the interaction between the scientific and academic spheres and in sharing scientific discoveries with the public. From the research as a whole, the thesis defended is that the conceptions of science communication of professors-researchers from Brazilian universities are revealed in the multiplicity of voices, permeated by axiological accents that, on the one hand, reflect the challenges and obstacles of communicating science and, on the other hand, refract the defense and importance of the otherness between science and society. Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior - CAPES
Databáze: OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz: